ReviewEuropean journal of psychotraumatology2019
Intergenerational consequences of the Holocaust on offspring mental health: a systematic review of associated factors and mechanisms.
Review in European journal of psychotraumatology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Impact of intergenerational trauma on second-generation descendants: a systematic review.BMC psychology · 2025Pooled it
- Parental Preconception Adversity and Offspring Mental Health in African Americans and Native Americans in the United States: A Systematic Review.Trauma, violence & abuse · 2024Pooled it
- Family dynamics after sibling loss in a migration context: the experiences of Ethiopian bereaved siblings.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Article
- Collective Intergenerational Trauma in Children and Families: Transmission Mechanisms, Effects and Therapeutic Interventions by Health and Social Work Professionals to Promote Health and Strengthen Psychological Resilience.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The health consequences of antisemitism (Does antisemitism get under the skin?): A systematic review protocol.MethodsX · 2026Article
- Sleep Disturbances Among Yazidi Survivors of the ISIS Genocide: Epidemiology, Neuropsychology, and Culturally Sensitive Interventions.Brain and behavior · 2026Review
- Geopsychiatry and the complex mental health challenges of conflict: a review examining local and distal psychiatric outcomes in a fractured world.Neuropsychiatrie : Klinik, Diagnostik, Therapie und Rehabilitation : Organ der Gesellschaft Osterreichischer Nervenarzte und Psychiater · 2026Review
- Amplified psychological reactions to war predict increased sleep problems among holocaust descendants.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Longitudinal associations between parental trauma-related symptoms and adolescent emotion regulation: a three-wave dyadic analysis.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Epigenetic changes associated with multi-generational trauma: characterization, mechanisms, and therapeutics.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Historical trauma as a contributor to postpartum depression among Indigenous mothers.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Family Over-Involvement Mediates PTSD Symptoms in Holocaust Descendants Following the October 7 Attack: A Prospective Study.Family process · 2025Article
- Indirect intrusions about World War Two in survivor offspring: a qualitative thematic content analysis.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Article
- Changes in psychological distress during conflict escalation in an adult population-based cohort in the Gaza Strip (2020-2025): a longitudinal analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Mental Health and Experiences of Anti-Semitism in 2nd and 3rd Offspring Generation of Holocaust Survivors From Israel, Germany, and the USA.International journal of psychology : Journal international de psychologie · 2025Article
- Mothers' psychopathology and their adult offspring's cortisol level in a Rwandan sample.The South African journal of psychiatry : SAJP : the journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa · 2025Article
- Programming the next generation of prenatal programming of stress research: A review and suggestions for the future of the field.Development and psychopathology · 2024Review
- Long-lasting effects of post-traumatic stress disorder in Yazidi women living in Northern Iraqi camps.Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2024Article
- War trauma impacts in Ukrainian combat and civilian populations: Moral injury and associated mental health symptoms.Military psychology : the official journal of the Division of Military Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Exposure to war and violence has major consequences for society at large, detrimental impact on people's individual lives, and may also have intergenerational consequences. To gain more insight into these intergenerational consequences, research addressing the impact of the Holocaust on offspring is an important source of information. The aim of the current study was to systematically review the mechanisms of intergenerational consequences by summarizing characteristics in Holocaust survivors and their offspring suggested to impact the offspring's mental health. We focused on: 1) parental mental health problems, 2) (perceived) parenting and attachment quality, 3) family structure, especially parental Holocaust history, 4) additional stress and life events, and 5) psychophysiological processes of transmission. We identified 23 eligible studies published between 2000 and 2018. Only Holocaust survivor studies met the inclusion criteria. Various parent and child characteristics and their interaction were found to contribute to the development of psychological symptoms and biological and epigenetic variations. Parental mental health problems, perceived parenting, attachment quality, and parental gender appeared to be influential for the mental well-being of their offspring. In addition, having two survivor parents resulted in higher mental health problems compared to having one survivor parent. Also, there was evidence suggesting that Holocaust survivor offspring show a heightened vulnerability for stress, although this was only evident in the face of actual danger. Finally, the results also indicate intergenerational effects on offspring cortisol levels. Clinical and treatment implications are discussed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.