ArticleFrontiers in immunology2019
Airway Epithelial Cells Generate Pro-inflammatory Tenascin-C and Small Extracellular Vesicles in Response to TLR3 Stimuli and Rhinovirus Infection.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- The dual promise of extracellular vesicles in lung diseases: towards reliable biomarkers and drug delivery vectors.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026Review
- The involvement of human breastmilk-derived extracellular vesicles in the development of infant atopic sensitization.Allergologie select · 2026Review
- The role of virus in nasal inflammation.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
- Deciphering the Tenascin-C Nexus: A Comprehensive Review of Its Involvement in Chronic Respiratory Diseases.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2025Review
- The role of exosomes in immunopathology and potential therapeutic implications.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2025Review
- A Novel Regulatory Role for RPS4Y1 in Inflammatory and Fibrotic Processes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Antigen Presentation by Extracellular Vesicles in the Acute Phase of Corneal Transplantation.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- The diagnostic potential of extracellular vesicles in virus-related diseases.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Cell-cell communication: new insights and clinical implications.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Airway epithelial-derived exosomes induce acute asthma exacerbation after respiratory syncytial virus infection.MedComm · 2024Article
- Exosome-mediated regulation of inflammatory pathway during respiratory viral disease.Virology journal · 2024Review
- Extracellular Vesicles and Their Role in Lung Infections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) as Crucial Mediators of Cell-Cell Interaction in Asthma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Cold exposure impairs extracellular vesicle swarm-mediated nasal antiviral immunity.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2023Article
- A virological view of tenascin-C in infection.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2023Review
- Exploring Human Milk Dynamics: Interindividual Variation in Milk Proteome, Peptidome, and Metabolome.Journal of proteome research · 2022Article
- Article
- Platelet extracellular vesicles in COVID-19: Potential markers and makers.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2022Review
- "Liquid biopsy" - extracellular vesicles as potential novel players towards precision medicine in asthma.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Epithelial-Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Pathophysiology of Epithelial Injury and Repair in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Connecting Immunology in Research Lab to Biomarkers in Clinics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Viral infections are a common cause of asthma exacerbations, with human rhinoviruses (RV) the most common trigger. RV signals through a number of different receptors, including toll-like receptor (TLR)3. Tenascin-C (TN-C) is an immunomodulatory extracellular matrix protein present in high quantities in the airway of people with asthma, and expression is also upregulated in nasal lavage fluid in response to RV infection. Respiratory viral infection has been demonstrated to induce the release of small extracellular vesicles (sEV) such as exosomes, whilst exosomal cargo can also be modified in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of people with asthma. These sEVs may potentiate airway inflammation and regulate the immune response to infection. This study characterizes the relationship between RV infection of bronchial epithelial cells and the release of TN-C, and the release of sEVs following stimulation with the TLR3 agonist and synthetic viral mimic, poly(I:C), as well as the function of the released protein/vesicles. The BEAS-2B airway epithelial cell line and primary human bronchial epithelial cells (PBECs) from asthmatic and non-asthmatic donors were infected with RV or treated with poly(I:C). TN-C expression, release and localization to sEVs was quantified. TN-C expression was also assessed following intra-nasal challenge of C57BL/6 mice with poly(I:C). BEAS-2B cells and macrophages were subsequently challenged with TN-C, or with sEVs generated from BEAS-2B cells pre-treated with siRNA targeted to TN-C or control. The results revealed that poly(I:C) stimulation induced TN-C release
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.