ArticleFrontiers in psychology2019
Psychometric Assessment of Shortened Mental Toughness Questionnaires (MTQ): Factor Structure of the MTQ-18 and the MTQ-10.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The dark side of mental toughness: a meta-analysis of the relationship between the dark triad traits and mental toughness.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Pooled it
- A systematic review of cross-cultural measures of resilience and its promotive and protective factors.Transcultural psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- How resilience and age shape the link between negative life events and suicidal ideation in clinically depressed adolescents: a multicenter study.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Non-Cognitive Adaptive Resourcefulness: Scrutiny of Its Multidimensionality and Nomological Validity.Psychological reports · 2026Article
- Adolescent Mental Toughness Questionnaire (aMTQ10): development, validation and norms.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Exploring the psychological determinants of smoking behavior among immigrant university students in Italy: A convergent mixed-methods cross-sectional study.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- General and sport-specific mental toughness in university students: associations with personality traits and physical activity.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- The moderating effect of mental toughness on the relationship between stress and mental health.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- The Role of Mental Toughness in the Correlation between Competitive Anxiety and Athlete Burnout in Student-Athletes.International journal of school health · 2026Article
- Distinguishing paranormal belief and paranormal involvement: canonical correlation analysis of positive psychological functioning.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Development and validation of the Mental Toughness Scale for Chinese Snow Sports Athletes: a mixed-methods study.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Further assessment of the non-cognitive adaptive resourcefulness model comprising mental toughness, resilience, and self-efficacy: relationships with emotional intelligence and chronic time pressure.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Psychometric Properties of the Brief COPE Inventory on a Student Sample.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- More than a whistle: examining the role of organizational culture and talent development in football referee progression.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the Strength-Based Parenting Scale in an Adolescent Sample.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- Factor structure and psychometric properties of the Perceived Stress Scale in Russian adolescents.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Hitting boundaries: Contract type, playing experience, non-cognitive skills, and sport anxiety in elite women cricketers.PloS one · 2024Article
- Sleep disturbances and psychological well-being among military medical doctors of the Swiss Armed Forces: study protocol, rationale and development of a cross-sectional and longitudinal interventional study.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Systematic comparison of resilience scales using retrospective reports: A practical case study using South African data.African journal of psychological assessment · 2024Article
- Competition Anxiety in Combat Sports and the Importance of Mental Toughness.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
The 18-item Mental Toughness Questionnaire (MTQ-18) is a brief, widely used measure of mental toughness. The MTQ-18 derives from the longer MTQ-48, which comprises four independent but correlated factors (challenge, commitment, control, and confidence). Despite sampling items from across MTQ-48 dimensions, the MTQ-18 (as intended) provides a global, unidimensional score. Researchers have recently developed a further abridged version of the MTQ-18, the MTQ-10, which has demonstrated promising psychometric performance. The current paper assessed the factorial structure, reliability, predictive validity and invariance of the MTQ-18 and MTQ-10 in a sample of 944 students from English independent schools (year 11, aged 16 years). Respondents completed the MTQ-18 items online alongside the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the MTQ-10 was a superior general measure, because the MTQ-18 possessed additional variance to that accounted for by an unidimensional solution. Additionally, the MTQ-10 evidenced higher factor loadings and demonstrated better data-model fit. Tests of concurrent validity revealed the MTQ-10 was a stronger predictor of well-being (life satisfaction). Both the MTQ-18 and MTQ-10 demonstrated gender invariance at the configural, metric, and scalar level. Overall, although the MTQ-18 was a psychometrically acceptable measure, the MTQ-10 was a superior unidimensional measure of MT.
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