Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31496684›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of nanomedicine2019

Intravesical delivery of rapamycin via folate-modified liposomes dispersed in thermo-reversible hydrogel.

Ho Yub Yoon, In Ho Chang, Yoon Tae Goo, Chang Hyun Kim, Tae Hoon Kang, Soo-Yeon Kim, Sang Jin Lee, Seh Hyon Song, Young Mi Whang, Young Wook Choi

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of nanomedicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.9field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Ho Yub Yoon *College of Pharmacy, Chung-ang University , Seoul, Korea.
In Ho Chang *College of Medicine, Chung-ang University , Seoul, Korea.
Yoon Tae GooCollege of Pharmacy, Chung-ang University , Seoul, Korea.
Chang Hyun KimCollege of Pharmacy, Chung-ang University , Seoul, Korea.
Tae Hoon KangCollege of Pharmacy, Chung-ang University , Seoul, Korea.
Soo-Yeon KimResearch Institute, National Cancer Center , Goyang, Korea.
Sang Jin LeeResearch Institute, National Cancer Center , Goyang, Korea.
Seh Hyon SongCollege of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University , Busan, Korea.
Young Mi WhangCollege of Medicine, Chung-ang University , Seoul, Korea.
Young Wook ChoiCollege of Pharmacy, Chung-ang University , Seoul, Korea.
Chung-Ang University · KRNational Cancer Center · KRKyungsung University · KR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo develop an intravesical instillation system for the treatment of bladder cancer, rapamycin (Rap) was encapsulated into liposomes and then homogeneously dispersed throughout a poloxamer 407 (P407)-based hydrogel.

methodsRap-loaded conventional liposomes (R-CL) and folate-modified liposomes (R-FL) were prepared using a film hydration method and pre-loading technique, and characterized by particle size, drug entrapment efficiency, and drug loading. The cellular uptake behavior in folate receptor-expressing bladder cancer cells was observed by flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy using a fluorescent probe. In vitro cytotoxic effects were evaluated using MTT assay, colony forming assay, and Western blot. For in vivo intravesical instillation, Rap-loaded liposomes were dispersed in P407-gel, generating R-CL/P407 and R-FL/P407. Gel-forming capacities and drug release were evaluated. Using the MBT2/Luc orthotopic bladder cancer mouse model, in vivo antitumor efficacy was evaluated according to regions of interest (ROI) measurement.

resultsR-CL and R-FL were successfully prepared, at approximately <160 nm, 42% entrapment efficiency, and 57 μg/mg drug loading. FL cellular uptake was enhanced over 2-fold than that of CL; folate receptor-mediated endocytosis was confirmed using a competitive assay with folic acid pretreatment. In vitro cytotoxic effects increased dose-dependently. Rap-loaded liposomes inhibited mTOR signaling and induced autophagy in urothelial carcinoma cells. With gelation time of <30 seconds and gel duration of >12 hrs, both R-CL/P407 and R-FL/P407 preparations transformed into gel immediately after instillation into the mouse bladder. Drug release from the liposomal gel was erosion controlled. In orthotopic bladder cancer mouse model, statistically significant differences in ROI values were found between R-CL/P407 and R-FL/P407 groups at day 11 (

conclusionIntravesical instillation of R-FL/P407 might represent a good candidate for bladder cancer treatment, owing to its enhanced retention and FR-targeting.

Indexed as

TemperatureAdministration, IntravesicalAnimalsAntineoplastic AgentsAutophagyCell Line, TumorCell ProliferationColloidsDisease Models, AnimalDrug LiberationFemaleFolate Receptors, GPI-AnchoredFolic AcidHumansHydrogelsLiposomesAntineoplastic AgentsColloidsFolate Receptors, GPI-AnchoredFolic AcidHydrogelsLiposomesSirolimusTOR Serine-Threonine Kinasesantitumor efficacyautophagybladder cancerenhanced uptakemTOR signalingprolonged retention

Identifiers

PMID31496684
PMCPMC6689153
OpenAlexW2964907943

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.