ArticleAging cell2019
Reversal of epigenetic aging and immunosenescent trends in humans.
Article in Aging cell, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 297 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Focusing on the Menopausal Transition to Improve Mid-Life Women's Health
Thymus Regeneration, Immunorestoration, and Insulin Mitigation Extension Trial
A First-in-Humans Supermicrosurgical Technique for the Neonatal Thymus Transplantation
Who cites it
297 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Epigenetic Age Acceleration as a Modifiable Public Health Target: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Environmental, Behavioral, and Social Determinants with Development of the MEAB-Index.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of epigenetic age acceleration on kidney function: a Mendelian randomization study.Clinical epigenetics · 2023Pooled it
- An ELOVL2-Based Epigenetic Clock for Forensic Age Prediction: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- DNA methylation aging and transcriptomic studies in horses.Nature communications · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of daily multivitamin-multimineral and cocoa extract supplementation on epigenetic aging clocks in the COSMOS randomized clinical trial.Nature medicine · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Nucleotides as an Anti-Aging Supplementation in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial (TALENTs study).Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Trial
- Cell-type specific impact of metformin on monocyte epigenetic age reversal in virally suppressed older people living with HIV.Aging cell · 2024Trial
- High-Intensity interval training reduces transcriptomic age: A randomized controlled trial.Aging cell · 2023Trial
- DNA methylation GrimAge acceleration in US military veterans with PTSD.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2023Trial
- Effect of long-term caloric restriction on DNA methylation measures of biological aging in healthy adults from the CALERIE trial.Nature aging · 2023Trial
- Aging Biology of Bone-to-Tendon Healing and the Epigenetic Clock: A Biological-Age Readout of Rotator Cuff Healing Capacity.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Clinical Protocol for the Dietary Approaches to Longevity and Health (DiAL Health) Pilot Trial.Current developments in nutrition · 2026Article
- A Mechanism-Based Framework for Anti-Aging Strategies: From Metabolic Regulation to Senotherapy and Stem Cell-Based Interventions.Aging cell · 2026Review
- Dynamic reversibility of biological aging and risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke: a longitudinal cohort study.The EPMA journal · 2026Article
- [Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences · 2026Article
- Extracellular vesicles and epigenetic aging clocks in tissue aging: an exosome-focused conceptual framework with a focus on skin.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Review
- Clinical rationale for thymic restoration in adult immunosenescence.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2026Review
- Exploring a targeted epigenetic clock based on mortality-associated CpGs as a potential biomarker for frailty.Clinical epigenetics · 2026Article
237 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Epigenetic "clocks" can now surpass chronological age in accuracy for estimating biological age. Here, we use four such age estimators to show that epigenetic aging can be reversed in humans. Using a protocol intended to regenerate the thymus, we observed protective immunological changes, improved risk indices for many age-related diseases, and a mean epigenetic age approximately 1.5 years less than baseline after 1 year of treatment (-2.5-year change compared to no treatment at the end of the study). The rate of epigenetic aging reversal relative to chronological age accelerated from -1.6 year/year from 0-9 month to -6.5 year/year from 9-12 month. The GrimAge predictor of human morbidity and mortality showed a 2-year decrease in epigenetic vs. chronological age that persisted six months after discontinuing treatment. This is to our knowledge the first report of an increase, based on an epigenetic age estimator, in predicted human lifespan by means of a currently accessible aging intervention.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.