ArticleTobacco control2020
Systemic biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and tissue injury and repair among waterpipe, cigarette and dual tobacco smokers.
Article in Tobacco control, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systemic and Salivary Cytokine Levels among Adult E-Cigarette Users: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2025Pooled it
- The waterpipe smoking and human health: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 191 observational studies.Systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Smoking, alcohol and opioids effect on coronary microcirculation: an update overview.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2021Pooled it
- Iron deficiency and biomarkers of inflammation: a 3-year prospective analysis of the DO-HEALTH trial.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2022Trial
- Nicotine-containing products and the cardiovascular system: mechanisms and global health implications.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2026Review
- Ultrasonographic fractal dimension analysis for quantitative assessment of smoking-related parenchymal pattern complexity of the parotid gland.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Observational
- Comparative Effects of Cigarette and Hookah Smoking on Oral Microbiota Composition and Blood Indices in Young Adult Males.FASEB bioAdvances · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Acute Exposure to Combustible and Novel Tobacco Products Using an In Vitro Human Airway Organ Tissue Equivalent Model.Journal of applied toxicology : JAT · 2026Article
- Associations of cigarette smoking with coronary artery and extra-coronary calcification in older adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study.Atherosclerosis · 2026Article
- Activated carbon attenuates nicotine and Candida albicans-induced oral leukoplakia via modulation of IL-17R signaling and oxidative stress: an in vivo study.Head & face medicine · 2026Article
- Pro-resolving lipid mediators in diseases: exploring the molecular basis and clinical implication.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Effect of the cysteine prodrug L-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid onFrontiers in toxicology · 2026Article
- Assessment of Adipokine and Inflammation Biomarkers with Cancer Risk among Chinese Men: A Prospective Cohort Study.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025Article
- Pre-Transplant Heavy Smoking Is Associated with Reduced Survival After Heart Transplantation Due to Infection and Malignancy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Changes in Concentration of Selected Biomarkers of Exposure in Users of Classic Cigarettes, E-Cigarettes, and Heated Tobacco Products-A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The expression of salivary EGF, VEGF, endothelin, and transferrin in waterpipe and cigarette smokers.Odontology · 2025Article
- Semen Quality Measures in Hookah and Cigarette Smokers Compared to Nonsmokers.TheScientificWorldJournal · 2025Article
- Signaling Pathways (TNF-α-NF-κB, TLR2-TLR4 as well as ROS-MDA) and Cardiac Damages during Cardiac Surgeries (Coronary Stenting, Permanent Pacemaker Implantations, Radiofrequency Ablations).Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- A long-term culture model for investigating senescence-associated dysregulation in macrophages.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWaterpipe tobacco (WPT) smoking is associated with deleterious effects on cardio-pulmonary systems which may have adverse repercussions in pathophysiology and progression of chronic lung and cardiovascular diseases. We compared the biomarkers of systemic inflammation, lipid mediators, injury/repair and oxidative stress between groups of non-smokers (NS), exclusive WPT smokers (WPS), exclusive cigarette smokers (CS) and dual WPS and CS (DS).
methodsTwo cohorts were recruited. Cohort I consisted of WPS (n=12), CS (n=26), DS (n=10) and NS (n=25). Cohort II consisted of WPS (n=33) and NS (n=24). Plasma and urine samples were collected and analysed for various systemic biomarkers.
resultsCompared with NS, plasma levels of inflammatory mediators (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL1β and tumor necrosis factor-α) were significantly higher in WPS and CS, and were further augmented in DS. Endothelial biomarkers (intracellular adhesion molecule-1, prostaglandin E-2 and metalloproteinase-9) were significantly higher in CS. Most notably, pro-resolving lipid mediator (resolvin E1) and biomarkers of immunity, tissue injury, and repair were significantly lower in WPS and CS. Urinary levels of 8-isoprostane were significantly higher in all smoking groups in cohort I, while 8-isoprostane, myeloperoxidase, receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), En-RAGE and matrix metalloproteinase-9 were significantly higher in all smoking groups in cohort II.
conclusionsBiomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress, immunity, tissue injury and repair were elevated in WPS and CS groups. Furthermore, concurrent use of WPT and cigarettes is more harmful than cigarette or WPT smoking alone. These data may help inform the public and policy-makers about the dangers of WPT smoking and dual use of tobacco products.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.