ArticleNeuropharmacology2019
Role of the PACAP system of the extended amygdala in the acoustic startle response in rats.
Article in Neuropharmacology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lateral septal PACAP signaling regulates stress and anxiety reactions.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- The pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide receptor and its splice variants: Unique roles in affective and motivated behavior.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2026Review
- PACAP regulates neuroendocrine and behavioral stress responses via CRF-containing neurons of the rat hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Association between social dominance hierarchy and PACAP expression in the extended amygdala, corticosterone, and behavior in C57BL/6 male mice.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Pituitary adenylyl cyclase-activating polypeptide modulates the stress response: the involvement of different brain areas and microglia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Review
- Article
- Circulating PACAP levels are associated with increased amygdala-default mode network resting-state connectivity in posttraumatic stress disorder.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2023Article
- Impact of social dominance hierarchy on PACAP expression in the extended amygdala, corticosterone, and behavior in C57BL/6 male mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Sex-related differences in endogenous pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) in the thalamic paraventricular nucleus: Implications for addiction neuroscience.Addiction neuroscience · 2023Article
- Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type 1 receptor within the nucleus accumbens core mediates excessive alcohol drinking in alcohol-preferring rats.Neuropharmacology · 2022Article
- At the heart of the interoception network: Influence of the parasubthalamic nucleus on autonomic functions and motivated behaviors.Neuropharmacology · 2022Review
- Age- and sex-specific effects of maternal separation on the acoustic startle reflex in rats: early baseline enhancement in females and blunted response to ambiguous threat.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2022Article
- Relationships between constitutive and acute gene regulation, and physiological and behavioral responses, mediated by the neuropeptide PACAP.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2022Article
- Corticotropin releasing factor and norepinephrine related circuitry changes in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in stress and alcohol and substance use disorders.Neuropharmacology · 2021Review
- Danger and distress: Parabrachial-extended amygdala circuits.Neuropharmacology · 2021Review
- Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) modulates dependence-induced alcohol drinking and anxiety-like behavior in male rats.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2021Article
- Viral-Mediated Knockdown of Nucleus Accumbens Shell PAC1 Receptor Promotes Excessive Alcohol Drinking in Alcohol-Preferring Rats.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2021Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Anxiety-related disorders are the most prevalent mental disorders in the world and they are characterized by abnormal responses to stressors. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a neuropeptide highly expressed in the extended amygdala, a brain macrostructure involved in the response to threat that includes the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST). The aim of this series of experiments was to systematically elucidate the role of the PACAP system of the CeA and BNST under both control, unstressed conditions and after the presentation of a stressor in rats. For this purpose, we used the acoustic startle response (ASR), an unconscious response to sudden acoustic stimuli sensitive to changes in stress which can be used as an operationalization of the hypervigilance present in anxiety- and trauma-related disorders. We found that infusion of PACAP, but not the related peptide vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), into either the CeA or the BNST causes a dose-dependent increase in ASR. In addition, while infusion of the antagonist PACAP(6-38) into either the CeA or the BNST does not affect ASR in non-stressed conditions, it prevents the sensitization of ASR induced by an acute footshock stress. Finally, we found that footshock stress induces a significant increase in PACAP, but not VIP, levels in both of these brain areas. Altogether, these data show that the PACAP system of the extended amygdala contributes to stress-induced hyperarousal and suggest it as a potential novel target for the treatment of stress-related disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.