ReviewArchives of dermatological research2020
The IL-4/IL-13 axis in skin fibrosis and scarring: mechanistic concepts and therapeutic targets.
Review in Archives of dermatological research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 127 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
127 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Systematic review of dupilumab safety and efficacy for treatment of keloid scars.Archives of dermatological research · 2024Pooled it
- Crosstalk between fibroblasts and immunocytes in fibrosis: From molecular mechanisms to clinical trials.Clinical and translational medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of Dupilumab in Adults with Prurigo Nodularis with or Without Atopic Comorbidities: A Subgroup Analysis from Two Randomized Phase III Clinical Trials.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2026Trial
- Mycophenolate mofetil directly modulates myeloid viability and pro-fibrotic activation of human macrophages.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Trial
- Dupilumab in patients with prurigo nodularis: two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trials.Nature medicine · 2023Trial
- Oncogenic Mutations and Tumor Microenvironment Alterations in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma With Bulky Disease.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- A rare case of keloid combined with bullous pemphigoid.Dermatology reports · 2026Article
- Hyaluronidase attenuates radiation-induced skin fibrosis through extracellular matrix remodeling and suppression of inflammatory-profibrotic signaling.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- The State of the Art in Chronic Prurigo Nodularis.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Review
- The role of interleukin-4 in acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease: a literature review.BMC nephrology · 2026Review
- From neuroimmune circuits to targeted therapy of chronic pruritus.Pharmacological reviews · 2026Review
- Unexpected systemic sclerosis in a patient with atopic dermatitis receiving dupilumab: a novel case report.Skin health and disease · 2026Article
- Unique Immune Polarization of the Lung Allograft: Implications for Organ-specific Immunoregulation and Tolerance Induction.Transplantation · 2026Review
- Fibroblast-Targeted Nanodelivery Systems: Mechanisms of Collagen Remodeling Regulation and Novel Strategies for Scar Repair.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- The role of immune cell crosstalk and signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Deciphering CD4+ Naive T cell-mediated divergent pathogenic links between type 2 diabetes and pathologic scarring via an integrated multi-omics approach.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2026Article
- Inhibition of CDK8 rescues impaired ischemic fracture healing.NPJ Regenerative medicine · 2026Article
- Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) Channels as Fundamental Regulators of Fibrosis and Pruritus-A New Therapeutic Target for Pathological Scar Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Altered serum interleukin-4 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-3 levels are associated with generalized anxiety disorder: a case-control study.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2026Article
- From a stem-cell-centered to a niche-centered view: the core role of collagen networks in hair loss and hair follicle miniaturization.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
67 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Skin fibrosis, characterized by excessive fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition in the dermis, is the histopathologic hallmark of dermatologic diseases such as systemic sclerosis, hypertrophic scars, and keloids. Effective anti-scarring therapeutics remain an unmet need, underscoring the complex pathophysiologic mechanisms of skin fibrosis. The Th2 cytokines interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 have been implicated as key mediators in the pathogenesis of fibroproliferative disorders. The goal of this article is to summarize the current understanding of the role of the IL-4/IL-13 axis in wound healing and skin fibrosis. We conducted a literature search to identify research studies investigating the roles of IL-4 and IL-13 in fibrotic skin diseases. While transforming growth factor-beta has long been regarded as the main driver of fibrotic processes, research into the cellular and molecular biology of wound healing has revealed other pathways that promote scar tissue formation. IL-4 and IL-13 are important mediators of skin fibrosis, supported by evidence from in vitro data, animal models of fibrosis, and clinical studies. Overactive signaling of the IL-4/IL-13 axis contributes to the initiation and perpetuation of fibrotic skin diseases. Further insights into the IL-4/IL-13 axis may reveal potential targets for the development of novel therapies that prevent or treat fibrotic skin diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.