Trial reportVaccine2019
Text message reminders to improve infant immunization in Guatemala: A randomized clinical trial.
Trial report in Vaccine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02567006 (SMS Mobile Technology to Improve Early Childhood Vaccine Coverage in Guatemala), which is not on this map. Cited by 22 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
SMS Mobile Technology to Improve Early Childhood Vaccine Coverage in Guatemala
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Exploring characteristics and common features of digital health in pediatric care in developing countries: a systematic review.Frontiers in digital health · 2025Pooled it
- SMS-based interventions for improving child and adolescent vaccine coverage and timeliness: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Impact of mHealth interventions on maternal, newborn, and child health from conception to 24 months postpartum in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.BMC medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low- and middle-income countries.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Short message service (SMS) reminders for childhood immunisation in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ global health · 2021Pooled it
- Targeted client communication via mobile devices for improving maternal, neonatal, and child health.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- The effect of mHealth application on improving childhood immunization coverage and timeliness: a case of the Gurage Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia, a randomized controlled trial.BMC public health · 2025Trial
- Design of an Automated Mobile Phone-Based Reminder and Incentive System: Application in a Quasi-Randomized Controlled Trial to Improve the Timeliness of Childhood Vaccinations in Tanzania.JMIR formative research · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Patient and carer perceptions and experiences of technology-facilitated appointment reminders in healthcare: a scoping review.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2026Article
- Digital vaccines for immunization equity: an approach to strengthen vaccine delivery and public trust in low- and middle-income countries.JAMIA open · 2026Review
- Building and Beta-Testing Be Well Buddy Chatbot, a Secure, Credible and Trustworthy AI Chatbot That Will Not Misinform, Hallucinate or Stigmatize Substance Use Disorder: Development and Usability Study.JMIR human factors · 2025Article
- Mobile Phone Text Message Reminders to Improve Vaccination Uptake: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Analyzing the usage of theories of change for routine immunization programs -- a review of impact evaluations from LMICs.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2024Review
- Interventions addressing routine childhood immunization and its behavioral and social drivers.Frontiers in public health · 2024Review
- Parental Reminder Strategies and the Cost Implication for Improved Immunisation Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Timeliness of routine childhood vaccination in 103 low-and middle-income countries, 1978-2021: A scoping review to map measurement and methodological gaps.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Use of Apps to Promote Childhood Vaccination: Protocol for a Systematic Review.JMIR research protocols · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveMillions of infants worldwide remain under-immunized and at risk for unnecessary morbidity and mortality. Text messaging may offer a low-cost solution. We aimed to evaluate text message reminders to improve infant immunization in Guatemala.
methodsA randomized clinical trial was conducted at four public health clinics in rural and urban Guatemala. Infants ages six weeks to six months presenting for the first visit of the primary immunization series were randomly and equally allocated to an intervention or usual care group. Intervention participants were sent three text reminders before the second and third vaccine visits. The main outcome was timeliness of the second and third visits of the primary immunization series.
resultsOf 1088 families approached for enrollment between March to November 2016, 871 were eligible and 720 (82.7%) participated; only 54 families did not own a cell phone. Due to country-wide vaccine shortages, visit completion was used as a proxy for overall immunization coverage. In intention to treat analysis, both intervention and usual care groups had high rates of visit completion, but intervention participants presented on the scheduled date more often (151 [42.2%] of 358 intervention vs. 111 [30.7%] of 362 usual care participants for visit 2, p = 0.001, and 112 [34.0%] of 329 intervention vs. 90 [27.0%] of 333 usual care participants for visit 3, p = 0.05). Intervention caregivers were significantly more likely to want to receive future text message reminders for vaccines and other appointments and were more willing to pay for these reminders.
conclusionCaregivers who were sent text message reminders in urban and rural Guatemala were less delayed for their child's immunization visits and reported high user satisfaction. Text message reminders may be an effective tool to increase infant vaccination coverage in low-income settings by reminding parents to vaccinate.
trial registrationNCT02567006 at clinicaltrials.gov.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.