ArticleDigestive diseases and sciences2020
Race/Ethnicity and Insurance-Specific Disparities in In-Hospital Mortality Among Adults with Primary Biliary Cholangitis: Analysis of 2007-2014 National Inpatient Sample.
Article in Digestive diseases and sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex and racial disparities in clinical outcomes and health resource use among patients with primary biliary cholangitis in the United States.Hepatology communications · 2026Observational
- Racial, Ethnic, and Immigration-Related Disparities Across the Gastrointestinal Care Continuum: A Scoping Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Real-world treatment patterns and clinical outcomes of patients with primary biliary cholangitis in the United States.Journal of comparative effectiveness research · 2026Article
- Mortality trends and demographic-geographic disparities of autoimmune liver diseases among U.S. adults aged ≥45 years, 1999-2023.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Where Do Patients With Cirrhosis Die? A CDC WONDER Analysis From 1999 to 2020.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2025Article
- Burden of illness for patients with primary biliary cholangitis: an observational study of clinical characteristics and healthcare resource utilization.Journal of comparative effectiveness research · 2025Observational
- Article
- Current status of disparity in liver disease.World journal of hepatology · 2022Review
- Hispanic Patients with Primary Biliary Cholangitis Have Decreased Access to Care Compared to Non-Hispanics.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2020Article
- Emerging therapies for PBC.Journal of gastroenterology · 2020Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPrimary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a progressive autoimmune liver disease that can result in cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease.
aimsWe aim to evaluate hospitalization burden and in-hospital mortality among PBC patients in the USA.
methodsUsing data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample from 2007 to 2014, hospitalizations among US adults with PBC were stratified by sex, age, and race/ethnicity. Overall in-hospital mortality was stratified by these variables and adjusted multivariate regression models evaluated for predictors of in-hospital mortality.
resultsFrom 2007 to 2014, there were 18,279 hospitalizations among adults with PBC (15.0% male, mean age 63.8 years, 41.3% cirrhosis). Among non-Hispanic whites, the proportion of total PBC hospitalizations increased from 57.8% in 2007 to 71.2% in 2014, compared to 4.1-6.3% for African-Americans, 8.6-10.9% for Hispanics, and 1.7-2.8% for Asians (p < 0.001 for all). While overall in-hospital mortality was low (4.2%), increasing age was associated with higher odds of in-hospital mortality (OR: 1.02, 95% CI 1.01-1.03, p < 0.001). Compared to non-Hispanic white PBC patients, higher in-hospital mortality was observed in African-American PBC patients (OR: 1.40, 95% CI 1.16-2.03, p < 0.05). Compared to patients with private/commercial insurance, significantly higher odds of in-hospital mortality were observed in patients with Medicaid insurance (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.00-1.99, p < 0.05).
conclusionIn summary, among adults with PBC hospitalized in the USA from 2007 to 2014, the overall number of hospitalizations is increasing. Significant disparities in in-hospital mortality were observed; African-Americans with PBC and Medicaid patients with PBC have disproportionately higher odds of in-hospital mortality.
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