ArticleAnimal cells and systems2019
Comparative analysis of three different protocols for cholinergic neuron differentiation in vitro using mesenchymal stem cells from human dental pulp.
Article in Animal cells and systems, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- From human dental pulp stem cells to functional cholinergic neurons: An optimized neurogenic differentiation protocol for new approach methodologies.Journal of dental sciences · 2026Article
- Optimizing neurogenic differentiation of dental stem cells: a critical review of induction strategies and functional validation.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2026Review
- Therapeutic Applications of Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Alzheimer's Disease-A Scoping Review.Dentistry journal · 2025Review
- The Effect of Biomaterials on Human Dental Pulp Stem Cell Neural Differentiation: A Scoping Review.Cell journal · 2023Article
- Priorities for research on neuromodulatory subcortical systems in Alzheimer's disease: Position paper from the NSS PIA of ISTAART.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2023Article
- Basal forebrain cholinergic signalling: development, connectivity and roles in cognition.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2023Review
- SOCS7-Derived BC-Box Motif Peptide Mediated Cholinergic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Induces Cholinergic Differentiation of Tonsil-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine · 2022Article
- Serum-Free Cultures: Could They Be a Future Direction to Improve Neuronal Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells?International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Tricyclodecan-9-yl-Xanthogenate (D609): Mechanism of Action and Pharmacological Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Article
- Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy in Spinal Cord Injury: Mechanisms and Prospects.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Review
- Latent Tri-lineage Potential of Human Menstrual Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Revealed by Specific In Vitro Culture Conditions.Molecular neurobiology · 2021Article
- Impact of the Epigenetically Regulated Hoxa-5 Gene in Neural Differentiation from Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells.Biology · 2021Article
- Therapeutic Advancement in Neuronal Transdifferentiation of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Neurological Disorders.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2021Review
- The Regenerative Potential of bFGF in Dental Pulp Repair and Regeneration.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- Human Dental Pulp-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Potential to Differentiate into Smooth Muscle-Like Cells In Vitro.BioMed research international · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A decrease in the activity of choline acetyltransferase, the enzyme responsible for acetylcholine synthesis in the cholinergic neurons cause neurological disorders involving a decline in cognitive abilities, such as Alzheimer's disease. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be used as an efficient therapeutic agents due to their neuronal differentiation potential. Different source derived MSCs may have different differentiation potential under different inductions. Various in vitro protocols have been developed to differentiate MSCs into specific neurons but the comparative effect of different protocols utilizing same source derived MSCs, is not known. To address this issue, dental pulp derived MSCs (DPSCs) were differentiated into cholinergic neurons using three different protocols. In protocol I, DPSCs were pre-induced with serum-free ADMEM containing 1 mM of β-mercaptoethanol for 24 h and then incubated with 100 ng/ml nerve growth factor (NGF) for 6 days. Under protocol II, DPSCs were cultured in serum-free ADMEM containing 15 µg/ml of D609 (tricyclodecan-9-yl-xanthogenate) for 4 days. Under protocol III, the DPSCs were cultured in serum-free ADMEM containing 10 ng/ml of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), 50 µM of forskolin, 250 ng/ml of sonic hedgehog (SHH), and 0.5 µM of retinoic acid (RA) for 7 days. The DPSCs were successfully trans-differentiated under all the protocols, exhibited neuron-like morphologies with upregulated cholinergic neuron-specific markers such as ChAT, HB9, ISL1, BETA-3, and MAP2 both at mRNA and protein levels in comparison to untreated cells. However, protocol III-induced cells showed the highest expression of the cholinergic markers and secreted the highest level of acetylcholine.
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