ReviewJournal of hematology & oncology2019
Immune checkpoint inhibitors of PD-L1 as cancer therapeutics.
Review in Journal of hematology & oncology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 395 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
395 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 772 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anti-PD-(L)1 Antibodies: Insights From QSP-Based Meta-Analysis.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Imaging-based adipose biomarkers for predicting clinical outcomes of cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Adjuvant benmelstobart plus anlotinib in patients with high-risk recurrence after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma: a phase II study (ALTER-H006).Nature communications · 2025Trial
- First-line benmelstobart plus anlotinib and chemotherapy in advanced or metastatic/recurrent esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a multi-center phase 2 study.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Trial
- Atezolizumab Plus PEGPH20 Versus Chemotherapy in Advanced Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Gastric Cancer: MORPHEUS Phase Ib/II Umbrella Randomized Study Platform.The oncologist · 2023Trial
- Durvalumab With or Without Tremelimumab in Combination With Chemotherapy as First-Line Therapy for Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: The Phase III POSEIDON Study.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2023Trial
- Current landscape and emerging trends of PD-1/PD-L1 research in prostate cancer: A data-driven atlas from multidatabase integration.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal transcriptomics for tumour microenvironment remodelling in cancer progression and therapy.Clinical and translational medicine · 2026Review
- Fc-engineering for improved cancer immunotherapy.Biochemical Society transactions · 2026Review
- Reversible complete atrioventricular block in immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated triple-M overlap syndrome: a case report.European heart journal. Case reports · 2026Article
- Role of PANoptosis in intestinal diseases and its therapeutic implications.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- Modifying Epigenetic Landscapes to Restore Immune Therapeutic Responses in Triple Negative Breast Cancer.Cancers · 2026Review
- Clinical characteristics and management of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor-induced secondary adrenal insufficiency.Endocrine connections · 2026Article
- Innovative immunotherapy approaches: harnessing synergy of dual checkpoint blockade in oncology.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- LncRNA expression signature correlated with cuproptosis: prognostic implications and insights into immune microenvironment in ovarian cancer.Journal of molecular histology · 2026Article
- Early effects of ionizing radiation on molecular modifications and hallmarks of Immunogenic cell death in mouse tumor cells.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- The Development of Antibody-Functionalized Liposomes via Click Chemistry for Precision Targeting of PD-L1-Positive Ovarian Cancer.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Enhancing Cancer Therapy with Hyperthermia: Synergistic Effects with Natural Compounds and Conventional Treatments.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors on the pulmonary circulation in lung cancer patients.International journal of cancer · 2026Article
335 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Since the discovery of immune checkpoint proteins, there has been a special interest in developing antibodies that block programmed cell death 1 receptor (PD-1) and programmed cell death receptor ligand 1 (PD-L1) for a subset of cancer patients. PD-1 signaling negatively regulates T cell-mediated immune responses and serves as a mechanism for tumors to evade an antigen-specific T cell immunologic response. It plays a role in promoting cancer development and progression by enhancing tumor cell survival. With this background, PD-1 signaling represents a valuable therapeutic target for novel and effective cancer immunotherapy. Clinical data shows that blockade of this PD-1 signaling significantly enhance antitumor immunity, produce durable clinical responses, and prolong survival. Currently, there are three FDA-approved PD-L1 inhibitors for various malignancies ranging from non-small cell lung cancer to Merkel cell carcinoma. This review is to summarize many ongoing phase II/III trials of atezolizumab, durvalumab, avelumab, and new PD-L1 inhibitors in clinical developments. In particular, we focus on key trials that paved the pathway to FDA-approved indications for atezolizumab, durvalumab, and avelumab. Despite the popularity and accelerated FDA approval of PD-L1 inhibitors, further considerations into predictive biomarkers, mechanisms of resistance, treatment duration, immune-related toxicities, and PD-L1 expression threshold are needed to optimize anticancer potential in this class of immunotherapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.