ArticleHepatology (Baltimore, Md.)2020
Liver Transplantation in Unauthorized Immigrants in the United States.
Article in Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- High mortality at safety-net hospitals for patients with cirrhosis.Hepatology communications · 2026Article
- Citizenship Status and Deceased Organ Donation in the USA.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Health disparities in cirrhosis care and liver transplantation.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2025Review
- Care for Vulnerable Populations with Chronic Liver Disease: A Safety-Net Perspective.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Association of nativity with survival among adults with hepatocellular carcinoma.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2023Article
- Factors Associated With Liver Transplant Referral Among Patients With Cirrhosis at Multiple Safety-Net Hospitals.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Organ Procurement and Transplant Equity Among US Residents: The 5% Guideline.American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2022Article
- Travel for Transplantation: A Review of Domestic and International Travel for Liver Transplantation in the United States.Clinical liver disease · 2021Review
- The influence of equitable access policies and socioeconomic factors on post-liver transplant survival.EClinicalMedicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsEleven million unauthorized immigrants reside in the United States and may account for 3% of deceased organ donors. Recently introduced federal and state legislation propose to address access to organ transplantation among unauthorized immigrants. The national landscape of liver transplantation (LT) for unauthorized immigrants is unknown. APPROACH AND
resultsWe included all US LT recipients between March 2012 and December 2018 who were linked to Pew Center of Research data to estimate the population of unauthorized immigrants in each US state and by country of origin, based on US Census data. We categorized patients as unauthorized immigrants versus US citizens/residents. The main outcome measures were (1) the proportion of LTs performed for unauthorized immigrants compared with the proportion of unauthorized immigrants among total population in each US state and (2) graft failure and death post-LT. Of 43,192 LT recipients, 43,026 (99.6%) were US citizens/residents and 166 (0.4%) were unauthorized immigrants. Among unauthorized immigrants, most LTs were performed in California (47%) and New York (18%). The absolute difference in proportion of LTs performed for unauthorized immigrants compared with the proportion of unauthorized immigrants among the total population differed among states, ranging from +20% in California to -12% in Texas. The most common countries of birth among LT recipients who were unauthorized immigrants were Mexico (52%), Guatemala (7%), China (6%), El Salvador (5%), and India (5%). In competing risk analysis, unauthorized immigration status (vs. US citizens/residents) was associated with a similar risk of graft failure (subdistribution hazard ratio [sHR] 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.40-1.34; P = 0.38) and death (sHR 0.68; 95% CI, 0.36-1.29; P = 0.23).
conclusionsLT for unauthorized immigrants is rare, and disparities in access to LT by state are present. Patient and graft survival among unauthorized immigrants is comparable with citizens/residents.
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