ReviewPLoS neglected tropical diseases2019
The costs of monitoring trachoma elimination: Impact, surveillance, and trachomatous trichiasis (TT)-only surveys.
Review in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cost-effectiveness of adding measurement of Chlamydia trachomatis infection and serology to trachoma prevalence surveys in Tanzania and Mozambique.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Validation of routine lymphatic filariasis morbidity surveillance in the Upper West Region, Ghana.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Twenty-Three Population-Based Trachoma Prevalence Surveys in the Central and Northern Regions of Benin, 2018-2022.Ophthalmic epidemiology · 2024Article
- Accelerating Progress Towards the 2030 Neglected Tropical Diseases Targets: How Can Quantitative Modeling Support Programmatic Decisions?Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Article
- Tropical Data: Approach and Methodology as Applied to Trachoma Prevalence Surveys.Ophthalmic epidemiology · 2023Article
- Trachoma.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2022Review
- Navigating the way to onchocerciasis elimination: the feasibility and affordability of Onchocerciasis Elimination Mapping.International health · 2022Article
- Evaluation of photography using head-mounted display technology (ICAPS) for district Trachoma surveys.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Observational
- Can we eradicate trachoma? A survey of stakeholders.The British journal of ophthalmology · 2021Article
- The Importance of Failure: How Doing Impact Surveys That Fail Saves Trachoma Programs Money.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2020Article
- A cost-analysis of conducting population-based prevalence surveys for the validation of the elimination of trachoma as a public health problem in Amhara, Ethiopia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Insights from mathematical modelling and quantitative analysis on the proposed 2030 goals for trachoma.Gates open research · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlthough trachoma causes more cases of preventable blindness than any other infectious disease, a combination of strategies is reducing its global prevalence. As a district moves toward eliminating trachoma as a public health problem, national programs conduct trachoma impact surveys (TIS) to assess whether to stop preventative interventions and trachoma surveillance surveys (TSS) to determine whether the prevalence of active trachoma has rebounded after interventions have halted. In some contexts, programs also conduct trachomatous trichiasis (TT)-only surveys. A few costing studies of trachoma prevalence surveys exist, but none examine TIS, TSS, or TT-only surveys. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsWe assessed the incremental financial cost to the national program of TIS, TSS, and TT-only surveys, which are standardized cluster-sampled prevalence surveys. We conducted a retrospective review of expenditures and grant disbursements for TIS and TSS in 322 evaluation units in 11 countries between 2011 and 2018. We also assessed the costs of three pilot and five standard TT-only surveys in four countries between 2017 and 2018. The median cost of TIS and TSS was $8,298 per evaluation unit [interquartile range (IQR): $6,532-$10,111, 2017 USD]. Based on a linear regression with bootstrapped confidence intervals, after controlling for country, costs per survey did not change significantly over time but did decline by $83 per survey implemented in a single round (95% CI: -$108 --$63). Of total costs, 80% went to survey fieldwork; of that, 58% went towards per diems and 38% towards travel. TT-only surveys cost a median of $9,707 (IQR: $8,537-$11,635); within a given country, they cost slightly more (106% [IQR: 94%-136%]) than TIS and TSS. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The World Health Organization requires trachoma prevalence estimates for validating the elimination of trachoma as a public health problem. This study will help programs improve their planning as they assemble resources for that effort.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.