Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31484924›Full record

ArticleNature communications2019

Protein prenylation restrains innate immunity by inhibiting Rac1 effector interactions.

Murali K Akula, Mohamed X Ibrahim, Emil G Ivarsson, Omar M Khan, Israiel T Kumar, Malin Erlandsson, Christin Karlsson, Xiufeng Xu, Mikael Brisslert, Cord Brakebusch and 4 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
48citing papers in PubMed
3.5field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

48 citing papers in PubMed, 74 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Statins and Myasthenia Gravis: Clinical Implications and Pathogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  2. Review
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  5. Article
  6. Impact of protein prenylation inhibition onJournal of bacteriology · 2025
    Article
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  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
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  15. Article
  16. Review
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  18. E3 Ubiquitin LigaseCancers · 2023
    Article
  19. Sex-based Dysregulation of Inflammation-related Genes in Periodontitis.International journal of molecular and cellular medicine · 2023
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.

Murali K AkulaSahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6418-8300
Mohamed X Ibrahim *Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Emil G Ivarsson *Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Omar M Khan *Adult Stem Cell Laboratory, Francis Crick Research Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7062-4677
Israiel T KumarSahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Malin ErlandssonDepartment of Rheumatology, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Christin KarlssonSahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Xiufeng XuDepartment of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 83, Huddinge, Sweden.
Mikael BrisslertDepartment of Rheumatology, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Cord BrakebuschBiotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark.
Donghai WangDepartment of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
Maria BokarewaDepartment of Rheumatology, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9424-5145
Volkan I SayinWallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Martin O BergoSahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden. martin.bergo@ki.se.
University of Gothenburg · SEKarolinska Institutet · SEDuke University · USThe Francis Crick Institute · GBUniversity of Copenhagen · DK

Funding

Censoring Inflammation by Protein GeranylgeranylationR01AI110695 · NIAID · UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER · PI WANG, DONGHAI · 2015 to 2019
$2.1M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI110695
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rho family proteins are prenylated by geranylgeranyltransferase type I (GGTase-I), which normally target proteins to membranes for GTP-loading. However, conditional deletion of GGTase-I in mouse macrophages increases GTP-loading of Rho proteins, leading to enhanced inflammatory responses and severe rheumatoid arthritis. Here we show that heterozygous deletion of the Rho family gene Rac1, but not Rhoa and Cdc42, reverses inflammation and arthritis in GGTase-I-deficient mice. Non-prenylated Rac1 has a high affinity for the adaptor protein Ras GTPase-activating-like protein 1 (Iqgap1), which facilitates both GTP exchange and ubiquitination-mediated degradation of Rac1. Consistently, inactivating Iqgap1 normalizes Rac1 GTP-loading, and reduces inflammation and arthritis in GGTase-I-deficient mice, as well as prevents statins from increasing Rac1 GTP-loading and cytokine production in macrophages. We conclude that blocking prenylation stimulates Rac1 effector interactions and unleashes proinflammatory signaling. Our results thus suggest that prenylation normally restrains innate immune responses by preventing Rac1 effector interactions.

Indexed as

Protein PrenylationAlkyl and Aryl TransferasesAnimalsCytokinesImmunity, InnateMacrophagesMiceMice, 129 StrainMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutMice, TransgenicProtein Bindingrac1 GTP-Binding Proteinras GTPase-Activating ProteinsRAW 264.7 CellsSignal TransductionAlkyl and Aryl TransferasesCytokinesgeranylgeranyltransferase type-IIQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1rac1 GTP-Binding Proteinras GTPase-Activating Proteins

Identifiers

PMID31484924
PMCPMC6726657
OpenAlexW2972232451

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.