ArticleFrontiers in oncology2019
Potential Therapeutic Effects of Exosomes Packed With a miR-21-Sponge Construct in a Rat Model of Glioblastoma.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 120 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review on the modifications of extracellular vesicles: a revolutionized tool of nano-biotechnology.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2021Pooled it
- Advances in the role of astrocytes in glioma progression and therapy.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles: Navigating new frontiers in glioblastoma therapy.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Review
- Target therapeutic exploitation of engineered exosome-mediated delivery of ncRNAs in cancer.Cancer gene therapy · 2026Review
- Extracellular Vesicle-Associated miRNAs in Glioblastoma: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, Therapies, and Links to Neurodegeneration.Cancers · 2026Review
- Review
- miR-132 overexpression is associated with modulation in miR-21 expression and glioblastoma cell behavior.PloS one · 2026Article
- Sprouty in Tumors of the Nervous System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Advances in Intranasal Delivery of Exosomes for Central Nervous System Disorders.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Insights into the Versatile Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Treatment of CNS Disorders.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Microcargos with Megaeffects: A Literature Review of Immunomodulatory, Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Dimensions of Exosomal MicroRNAs in Glioblastoma Multiforme.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Glioblastoma at the crossroads: current understanding and future therapeutic horizons.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Tumor-derived exosomes and their application in cancer treatment.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Extracellular Vesicles as Precision Delivery Systems for Biopharmaceuticals: Innovations, Challenges, and Therapeutic Potential.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Therapeutic Applications of Poly-miRNAs and miRNA Sponges.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Exosome-powered neuropharmaceutics: unlocking the blood-brain barrier for next-gen therapies.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Exosomes in glioma: mechanistic insights on biological, therapeutic, and diagnostic perspective.Therapeutic delivery · 2025Review
- Immune response recalibration using immune therapy and biomimetic nano-therapy against high-grade gliomas and brain metastases.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2025Review
- The Mechanism of Action of Exosomes Derived from Glioblastoma Cells.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Exosome encapsulation of miR-205-5p suppresses neuroblastoma progression by targeting RUNX2.World journal of pediatric surgery · 2025Article
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a grade 4 and the most aggressive form of glioma, with a poor response to current treatments. The expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) is widely dysregulated in various cancers, including GBM. One of the overexpressed miRNAs in GBM is miR-21 which promotes proliferation, invasion and metastatic behaviors of tumor cells. With a size of 30-100 nm, the extracellular vesicles "exosomes" have emerged as a novel and powerful drug delivering systems. Recently, exosomal transfer of miRNAs or anti-miRNAs to tumor cells has introduced a new approach for therapeutic application of miRNAs to combat cancer. Here, we have tried to down-regulate miR-21 expression in glioma cell lines, U87-MG, and C6, by using engineered exosomes, packed with a miR-21-sponge construct. Our data revealed that the engineered exosomes have the potential to suppress miR-21 and consequently to upregulate miR-21 target genes,
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.