ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2019
The genetic landscape of Scotland and the Isles.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genetic ancestry and monogenic disease risk in the Scottish Traveller founder population.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Inherited retinal disorders in Scotland: A 5 year assessment.Eye (London, England) · 2026Article
- The landscape of hereditary haemochromatosis risk and diagnosis across the British Isles and Ireland.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Whole-Genome Sequencing in Galicia Reveals Male-Biased Pre-Islamic North African Ancestry, Subtle Population Structure, and Microgeographic Patterns of Disease Risk.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025Article
- Characterisation of pharmacogenomic variation in the Shetland and Orkney Isles in Scotland.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Efficient candidate drug target discovery through proteogenomics in a Scottish cohort.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Actionable genetic variants in 4,198 Scottish participants from the Orkney and Shetland founder populations and implementation of return of results.American journal of human genetics · 2025Article
- A genetic perspective on the recent demographic history of Ireland and Britain.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2025Article
- Two founder variants account for over 90% of pathogenic BRCA alleles in the Orkney and Shetland Isles in Scotland.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2024Article
- Regionally enriched rare deleterious exonic variants in the UK and Ireland.Nature communications · 2024Article
- An analysis of the accuracy of retrospective birth location recall using sibling data.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Clinical case study meets population cohort: identification of a BRCA1 pathogenic founder variant in Orcadians.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2023Article
- The Newfoundland and Labrador mosaic founder population descends from an Irish and British diaspora from 300 years ago.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Guidelines for genetic ancestry inference created through roundtable discussions.HGG advances · 2023Article
- Imputed genomes and haplotype-based analyses of the Picts of early medieval Scotland reveal fine-scale relatedness between Iron Age, early medieval and the modern people of the UK.PLoS genetics · 2023Article
- VIKING II, a worldwide observational cohort of volunteers with northern isles ancestry.International journal of population data science · 2023Observational
- Revealing the recent demographic history of Europe via haplotype sharing in the UK Biobank.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Ancient DNA at the edge of the world: Continental immigration and the persistence of Neolithic male lineages in Bronze Age Orkney.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Contribution of common risk variants to multiple sclerosis in Orkney and Shetland.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2021Article
- Why do we pick similar mates, or do we?Biology letters · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Britain and Ireland are known to show population genetic structure; however, large swathes of Scotland, in particular, have yet to be described. Delineating the structure and ancestry of these populations will allow variant discovery efforts to focus efficiently on areas not represented in existing cohorts. Thus, we assembled genotype data for 2,554 individuals from across the entire archipelago with geographically restricted ancestry, and performed population structure analyses and comparisons to ancient DNA. Extensive geographic structuring is revealed, from broad scales such as a NE to SW divide in mainland Scotland, through to the finest scale observed to date: across 3 km in the Northern Isles. Many genetic boundaries are consistent with Dark Age kingdoms of Gaels, Picts, Britons, and Norse. Populations in the Hebrides, the Highlands, Argyll, Donegal, and the Isle of Man show characteristics of isolation. We document a pole of Norwegian ancestry in the north of the archipelago (reaching 23 to 28% in Shetland) which complements previously described poles of Germanic ancestry in the east, and "Celtic" to the west. This modern genetic structure suggests a northwestern British or Irish source population for the ancient Gaels that contributed to the founding of Iceland. As rarer variants, often with larger effect sizes, become the focus of complex trait genetics, more diverse rural cohorts may be required to optimize discoveries in British and Irish populations and their considerable global diaspora.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.