Observational studyBMC infectious diseases2019
Antibacterial resistance in ophthalmic infections: a multi-centre analysis across UK care settings.
Observational study in BMC infectious diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanisms and Evolution of Antimicrobial Resistance in Ophthalmology: Surveillance, Clinical Implications, and Future Therapies.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacterial Pathogens from Patients with Ocular Surface Infections in Germany, 2020-2021: A Comparison with the Data from Three Previous National Studies.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- New Approaches to Overcoming Antimicrobial Resistance in Endophthalmitis.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Effect of low dose honey on the apoptosis and inflammation gene expression in corneal limbal stem cells and keratocytes and its efficacy as an ophthalmic formulation in the treatment of dry eye:Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Ozonated Oil in Liposome Eyedrops Reduces the Formation of Biofilm, Selection of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria, and Adhesion of Bacteria to Human Corneal Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Conjunctival sac flora and drug susceptibility analysis in normal children in East China.BMC ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Antibiotic resistance in ocular bacterial infections: an integrative review of ophthalmic chloramphenicol.Tropical medicine and health · 2023Review
- Spectrum and resistance in bacterial infections of the ocular surface in a German tertiary referral center 2009-2019.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2022Article
- Clinical characteristics of external bacterial ocular and periocular infections and their antimicrobial treatment patterns among a Ghanaian ophthalmic population.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Surveillance and prevalence of antimicrobial resistant bacteria from public settings within urban built environments: Challenges and opportunities for hygiene and infection control.Environment international · 2021Review
- The ocular surface bacterial contamination and its management in the prophylaxis of post cataract surgery endophthalmitis.Romanian journal of ophthalmologyReview
- A closed-loop audit of the prescription practice of topical antibiotics for acute infective conjunctivitis.Romanian journal of ophthalmologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBacterial ophthalmic infections are common. Empirical treatment with topical broad-spectrum antibiotics is recommended for severe cases. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to agents used for bacterial ophthalmic infections make it increasingly important to consider changing resistance patterns when prescribing, however UK data in this area are lacking. We evaluate the epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibilities of ophthalmic pathogens across care settings and compare these with local and national antimicrobial prescribing guidelines.
methodsA retrospective, multi-centre observational analysis was undertaken of ophthalmic microbiology isolates between 2009 and 2015 at a centralised North-West London laboratory (incorporating data from primary care and five London teaching hospitals). Data were analysed using descriptive statistics with respect to patient demographics, pathogen distribution (across age-groups and care setting), seasonality, and susceptibility to topical chloramphenicol, moxifloxacin, and fusidic acid.
resultsTwo thousand six hundred eighty-one isolates (n = 2168 patients) were identified. The commonest pathogen in adults was Staphylococcus spp. across primary, secondary, and tertiary care (51.7%; 43.4%; 33.6% respectively) and in children was Haemophilus spp. (34.6%;28.2%;36.6%). AMR was high and increased across care settings for chloramphenicol (11.8%;15.1%;33.8%); moxifloxacin (5.5%;7.6%;25.5%); and fusidic acid (49.6%;53.4%; 58.7%). Pseudomonas spp. was the commonest chloramphenicol-resistant pathogen across all care settings, whilst Haemophilus spp. was the commonest fusidic acid-resistant pathogen across primary and secondary care. More isolates were recorded in spring (31.6%) than any other season, mostly due to a significant rise in Haemophilus spp.
conclusionsWe find UK national and local antimicrobial prescribing policies for ophthalmic infections may not be concordant with the organisms and antimicrobial susceptibilities found in clinical samples. We also find variations in microbial incidence related to patient age, clinical setting, and season. Such variations may have further important implications for prescribing practices and modification of antimicrobial guidelines.
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