ArticleSports (Basel, Switzerland)2019
Multiple Fitness Improvements Found after 6-Months of High Intensity Functional Training.
Article in Sports (Basel, Switzerland), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effects of high-intensity functional training on physical fitness in healthy individuals: a systematic review with meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Physiological effects of regular CrossFitFrontiers in physiology · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The Effect of Intensity, Frequency, Duration and Volume of Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents on Skeletal Muscle Fitness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- CrossFit® Training Strategies from the Perspective of Concurrent Training: A Systematic Review.Journal of sports science & medicine · 2020Pooled it
- High intensity functional training versus traditional resistance training effects on inflammatory, metabolic, and physical outcomes in overweight men a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Betaine Supplementation Does Not Improve Muscle Hypertrophy or Strength Following 6 Weeks of Cross-Fit Training.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- Biomechanical and Physiological Demands of CrossFit: A Systematic Review.Journal of human kinetics · 2026Review
- A Qualitative Exploration of Perspectives From Young Adults With Intellectual Disabilities and Their Caregivers Participating in a Lifestyle Intervention to Enhance Cooking Skills and Physical Fitness.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID · 2026Article
- Feasibility and preliminary functional, physical, and psychosocial effects of high-intensity functional training for adults with mobility disabilities.Pilot and feasibility studies · 2025Article
- High Intensity Functional Training in Hybrid Competitions: A Scoping Review of Performance Models and Physiological Adaptations.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Review
- The Effects of CrossFitInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Antioxidant supplementation boosts the advantages of CrossFit workouts on oxidative and muscle damage markers in obese males.Nutrition & metabolism · 2024Article
- The physiological responses to volume-matched high-intensity functional training protocols with varied time domains.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Article
- The Addition of High-Load Resistance Exercises to a High-Intensity Functional Training Program Elicits Further Improvements in Body Composition and Strength: A Randomized Trial.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Anticipatory Anxiety, Familiarization, and Performance: Finding the Sweet Spot to Optimize High-Quality Data Collection and Minimize Subject Burden.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2022Article
- MedXFit-Effects of 6 months CrossFit® in sedentary and inactive employees: A prospective, controlled, longitudinal, intervention study.Health science reports · 2022Article
- Baseline Physical Activity Behaviors and Relationships with Fitness in the Army Training at High Intensity Study.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
While short-term high intensity functional training (HIFT) effects have been established, fitness improvements from program participation exceeding 16 weeks are unknown. This study examined the effectiveness of participation in HIFT through CrossFit. During 2013-2014, fitness performance testing was incorporated into an ongoing university CrossFit program. Participants included 45 adults (23 women, 22 men) with 0-27 months of HIFT experience (grouped into 0-6 months and 7+ months). Participants completed three separate days of assessments across 10 fitness domains before and after participating in the program for six months. For each sex, 2 (Time) × 2 (Group) RANOVA were used for each fitness test. For women, significant Time effects were found for four fitness domains (i.e., flexibility, power, muscular endurance, and strength), and a Group × Time interaction for cardiorespiratory endurance, with the 0-6-month group improving more. For men, significant Time effects were found for flexibility, muscular endurance, and strength. These data provide evidence for multiple fitness improvements after six months of CrossFit participation with greater 1.5 mile run time improvement among women with less experience.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.