ArticleAsian-Australasian journal of animal sciences2020
Effect of all-trans retinoic acid on casein and fatty acid synthesis in MAC-T cells.
Article in Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Regulation of Milk Production by the MAPK/ERK Pathway in Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis): Genomic and Molecular Insights.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Article
- Enhancing Milk Production by Nutrient Supplements: Strategies and Regulatory Pathways.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
- Vitamin A- and D-Deficient Diets Disrupt Intestinal Antimicrobial Peptide Defense Involving Wnt and STAT5 Signaling Pathways in Mice.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Effect of hyperthermia on cell viability, amino acid transfer, and milk protein synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells.Journal of animal science and technology · 2022Article
- Effects of bamboo leaf extract on the production performance, rumen fermentation parameters, and rumen bacterial communities of heat-stressed dairy cows.Animal bioscience · 2021Article
- Roles of vitamin A in the regulation of fatty acid synthesis.World journal of clinical cases · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveCaseins and fatty acids of milk are synthesized and secreted by the epithelial cells of the mammary gland. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), an active metabolite of vitamin A, has been shown to promote mammary development. This study was conducted to determine the effect of ATRA on casein synthesis and fatty acid composition in MAC-T cells.
methodsMAC-T cells were allowed to differentiate for 4 d, treated with ATRA (0, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 μM), and incubated for 3 d. We analyzed the fatty acid composition, the mRNA expression of casein and fatty acid synthesis-related genes, and the phosphorylation of casein synthesis-related proteins of MAC-T cells by gas chromatography, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting, respectively.
resultsIn MAC-T cells, ATRA increased the mRNA levels of αS1-casein and β-casein, janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and E74-like factor 5 of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 β (STAT5-β) pathway, ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 (S6K1) and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, inhibited the mRNA expression of phosphoinositide 3-kinase and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E of the mTOR pathway, and promoted the phosphorylation of STAT5-β and S6K1 proteins. Additionally, ATRA increased the de novo synthesis of fatty acids, reduced the content of long-chain fatty acids, the ratio of monounsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids (SFA), the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) to SFA, and the ratio of ω-6 to ω-3 PUFA. The mRNA levels of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1, fatty acid synthase, lipoprotein lipase, stearoyl-CoA desaturase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) were enhanced by ATRA.
conclusionATRA promotes the synthesis of casein by regulating JAK2/STAT5 pathway and downstream mTOR signaling pathway, and it improves the fatty acid composition of MAC-T cells by regulating SREBP1-related genes.
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