ArticlePediatric pulmonology2019
Chest ultrasound compared to chest X-ray for pediatric pulmonary tuberculosis.
Article in Pediatric pulmonology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diagnostic accuracy of point-of-care ultrasound for pulmonary tuberculosis: A systematic review.PloS one · 2021Pooled it
- Contextual dimensions of pediatric tuberculosis imaging: radiation exposure, access, and system capacity in high- and low-resource settings.Pediatric radiology · 2026Article
- The role of chest X-ray in tuberculosis detection for high school students in China: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- POCUS Examination of the Mediastinum in Children: A Simplified and Standardized Protocol for Pulmonary Tuberculosis.POCUS journal · 2025Article
- Clinical and radiological profile of tuberculosis and treatment outcome in patients ≤18 years: A prospective study.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2025Article
- Pediatric Tuberculosis: A Review of Evidence-Based Best Practices for Clinicians and Health Care Providers.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Comments and Illustrations of Ultrasound Findings in Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis Manifestations.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Use of a Handheld Ultrasonographic Device to Identify Heart Failure and Pulmonary Disease in Rural Africa.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Comparison of chest ultrasound features to chest radiography in the diagnosis for pediatric tuberculosis: a cross-sectional study.The Pan African medical journal · 2024Article
- Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in thoracic tuberculosis in the pediatric population: moving beyond conventional radiology.Pediatric radiology · 2023Article
- Imaging recommendations and algorithms for pediatric tuberculosis: part 1-thoracic tuberculosis.Pediatric radiology · 2023Review
- Artificial Intelligence in Paediatric Tuberculosis.Pediatric radiology · 2023Review
- Diagnostic accuracy of chest ultrasound scan in the diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis.PloS one · 2023Article
- Imaging modalities for pulmonary tuberculosis in children: A systematic review.European journal of radiology open · 2023Review
- Diagnostic performance of a novel ESAT6-CFP10 skin test for tuberculosis infection in school tuberculosis outbreak in China.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Utility and Limits of Lung Ultrasound in Childhood Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Lessons from a Case Series and Literature Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Towards Accurate Point-of-Care Tests for Tuberculosis in Children.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Tuberculosis in children with severe acute malnutrition.Expert review of respiratory medicine · 2022Review
- Tuberculosis in Children.Infectious disease clinics of North America · 2022Review
- Lung Ultrasound in Children with Cystic Fibrosis in Comparison with Chest Computed Tomography: A Feasibility Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionChest ultrasound is increasingly used to radiologically diagnose childhood pneumonia, but there are limited data on its use for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB).
aimCompare chest ultrasound with a chest X-ray (CXR) findings.
methodsChildren (up to 13 years) with suspected PTB were enrolled. Bedside chest ultrasound findings were compared to CXR. The analysis was stratified by PTB category: confirmed PTB (microbiologically confirmed), unconfirmed PTB (clinical diagnosis with negative microbiological tests), or unlikely PTB (other respiratory diseases with improvement without tuberculosis treatment).
resultsOne hundred fifty-nine children were enrolled (57% boys, median age 26.6 months [interquartile range 15.1-59.3]). Ultrasound detected abnormalities in 72% (n = 114), CXR in 56% (n = 89), P < .001. Pleural effusion was detected on ultrasound in 15% (n = 24) compared 9% (n = 14) on CXR, P = .004, more in confirmed PTB (33%, n = 12 vs 8%, n = 4 unlikely PTB, P = .013). Ultrasound detected enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes more commonly (22%, n = 25) than CXR (6%, n = 10, P = .001); the size of lymph nodes in the unlikely category (1.0 cm) was smaller than the other two PTB categories (1.4 and 1.5 cm, P = .001). Inter-reader agreement (kappa Cohen) was higher for ultrasound than CXR for several findings (consolidation 0.67 vs 0.47, pleural effusion 0.86 vs 0.56, enlarged lymph nodes 0.56 vs 0.27).
conclusionUltrasound detected abnormalities more frequently than CXR with the higher inter-reader agreement; ultrasound abnormalities were most common in children with confirmed PTB. Ultrasound is a promising modality for detecting abnormalities in PTB. Further studies should evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound against a gold standard.
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