ArticleBone2019
Validation of the FRAiL model to predict non-vertebral and hip fractures in nursing home residents.
Article in Bone, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and validation of the fall-related injury risk in nursing homes (INJURE-NH) prediction tool.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2023Article
- The Effect of Fall Biomechanics on Risk for Hip Fracture in Older Adults: A Cohort Study of Video-Captured Falls in Long-Term Care.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2020Article
- Editorial: Old Bones.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTools were unavailable to assess fracture risk in nursing homes (NH); therefore, we developed the Fracture Risk Assessment in Long term care (FRAiL) model. The objective of this validation study was to assess the performance of the FRAiL model to predict 2-year risk of non-vertebral and hip fractures in a separate large cohort of NH residents.
methodsThis retrospective cohort study included most long-stay NH residents in the United States (N = 896,840). Hip and non-vertebral fractures were identified using Medicare claims. The Minimum Data Set (MDS) was used to identify characteristics from the original FRAiL model. Multivariable competing risk regression was used to model risk of fracture.
resultsMean age was 83.8 years (±8.2 years) and 70.7% were women. Over a mean follow-up of 1.52 years (SD 0.65), 41,531 residents (4.6%) were hospitalized with non-vertebral fracture (n = 30,356 hip fractures). In the fully adjusted model, 14/15 model characteristics remained significant predictors of non-vertebral fracture. Female sex (HR = 1.55, 95% CI 1.52, 1.59), wandering (HR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.26, 1.34), and falls (HR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.26, 1.31) were strongly associated with non-vertebral fracture rate. Total dependence in ADLs (versus independence) was associated with a decrease in non-vertebral fracture rate (HR = 0.57, 95% CI 0.52, 0.64). Discrimination was moderate in men (C-index = 0.68 for hip, 0.66 for non-vertebral) and women (C-index = 0.68 for hip, 0.65 for non-vertebral), and calibration was excellent.
conclusionsOur model comprised entirely from routinely collected data was able to identify NH residents at greatest risk for non-vertebral fracture.
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