ArticleThe Laryngoscope2020
Retronasal olfactory function in patients with smell loss but subjectively normal flavor perception.
Article in The Laryngoscope, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Guideline S1: Long COVID: Diagnostics and treatment strategies].Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2021Guideline
- Reversible obstruction of the olfactory cleft: impact on olfactory perception and nasal patency.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2020Trial
- Statistical overview of the Sniffin' sticks olfactory test from the perspectives of anosmia and hyposmia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The olfactory diary: Tracking awareness and consciousness of the sense of smell throughout the day.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2024Article
- [S1 guidelines for the management of postviral conditions using the example of post-COVID-19].Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2023Article
- Chemosensory Functions After Glossectomy-A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study.The Laryngoscope · 2023Article
- Odor familiarity and improvement of olfactory identification test in Chinese population.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Enhancement of taste by retronasal odors in patients with Wolfram syndrome and decreased olfactory function.Chemical senses · 2023Article
- A Simple Taste Test for Clinical Assessment of Taste and Oral Somatosensory Function-The "Seven-iTT".Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Danish Validation of a Retronasal Olfactory Powder Test and Development of a Novel Quick Retronasal Olfactory Test.International archives of otorhinolaryngology · 2022Article
- Dedicated Olfaction and Taste Items do not Improve Psychometric Performance of the SNOT-22.The Laryngoscope · 2022Article
- Beyond aroma: A scoping review on the impact of chronic rhinosinusitis on retronasal olfaction.Frontiers in allergy · 2022Article
- Eating behavior in patients with smell loss.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Examining the role of olfaction in dietary choice.Cell reports · 2021Article
- Radiological Markers of the Olfactory Cleft: Relations to Unilateral Orthonasal and Retronasal Olfactory Function.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Association Between Orthonasal Olfaction and Chemosensory Perception in Patients With Smell Loss.The Laryngoscope · 2020Article
- Flavor education and training in olfactory dysfunction: a pilot study.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2020Article
- Body-Mass-Index Associated Differences in Ortho- and Retronasal Olfactory Function and the Individual Significance of Olfaction in Health and Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe human sense of smell constitutes the main part of flavor perception. Typically, patients with loss of olfactory function complain of diminished perception during eating and drinking. However, some patients with smell loss still report normal enjoyment of foods. The aim of the present study was to compare orthonasal and retronasal olfactory function in patients with non-sinonasal smell loss and subjectively normal flavor perception.
methodsNineteen patients (mean age [range] 52.0 [8-83 years]) with self-reported olfactory impairment but subjective normal flavor perception were included. Olfactory performance was assessed using the Sniffin' Sticks (TDI) for orthonasal and the Candy Smell Test (CST) for retronasal function. Visual analogue scales were used for self-assessment of odor (SOP), taste (STP), and flavor perception (SFP), ranging from 0 (no perception) to 10 (excellent perception).
resultsMean (SD) SFP was 8.0 (1.8). Mean (SD) orthonasal TDI-score of all patients was 14.4 (5.3, range 6-25.3) with 11 patients classified as anosmic and eight as hyposmic. Mean/SD retronasal CST-score was 8.8 (2.7, range 3-13) within the range of anosmia/hyposmia. No correlation was found between SFP and the CST (P = .62).
conclusionThe present results showed that despite claiming normal flavor perception, our patients were ortho- and retronasally dysosmic using standard tests for olfactory function. Although other explanations could be possible, we suggest that this subjective flavor perception might be due to unconscious memory recall from previously experienced cross-modal sensory interactions. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4 Laryngoscope, 130:1629-1633, 2020.
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