ArticleCognitive research: principles and implications2019
The grammar of emoji? Constraints on communicative pictorial sequencing.
Article in Cognitive research: principles and implications, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- The lexicalization of emojis: the influence of frequency and functions of emojis in sentences on this process-a study based on eye movement tracking.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Help-Seeking Situations Related to Visual Interactions on Mobile Platforms and Recommended Designs for Blind and Visually Impaired Users.Journal of imaging · 2024Article
- Semantic and syntactic processing of emojis in sentential intermediate positions.Cognitive neurodynamics · 2024Article
- Grammatical structures of emoji in Japanese-language text conversations.Cognitive research: principles and implications · 2024Article
- Digital Visual Communication for Public Health: Design Proposal for a Vaccinated Emoji.Journal of medical Internet research · 2022Article
- Remarks on Multimodality: Grammatical Interactions in the Parallel Architecture.Frontiers in artificial intelligence · 2021Article
- Your phrases matter: Third waves in research approaches and new contexts for formulaic language.International journal of language & communication disordersArticle
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
Emoji have become a prominent part of interactive digital communication. Here, we ask the questions: does a grammatical system govern the way people use emoji; and how do emoji interact with the grammar of written text? We conducted two experiments that asked participants to have a digital conversation with each other using only emoji (Experiment 1) or to substitute at least one emoji for a word in the sentences (Experiment 2). First, we found that the emoji-only utterances of participants remained at simplistic levels of patterning, primarily appearing as one-unit utterances (as formulaic expressions or responsive emotions) or as linear sequencing (for example, repeating the same emoji or providing an unordered list of semantically related emoji). Emoji playing grammatical roles (i.e., 'parts-of-speech') were minimal, and showed little consistency in 'word order'. Second, emoji were substituted more for nouns and adjectives than verbs, while also typically conveying nonredundant information to the sentences. These findings suggest that, while emoji may follow tendencies in their interactions with grammatical structure in multimodal text-emoji productions, they lack grammatical structure on their own.
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