ArticleCell host & microbe2019
HIV Rebound Is Predominantly Fueled by Genetically Identical Viral Expansions from Diverse Reservoirs.
Article in Cell host & microbe, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 128 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
128 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Time to HIV viral rebound and frequency of post-treatment control after analytical interruption of antiretroviral therapy: an individual data-based meta-analysis of 24 prospective studies.Nature communications · 2025Pooled it
- The impact of analytical treatment interruptions and trial interventions on time to viral re-suppression in people living with HIV restarting ART in cure-related clinical studies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2024Pooled it
- Doubling dolutegravir dosage reduces the viral reservoir in ART-treated people with HIV.eLife · 2026Trial
- Manipulation of the cell cycle by HIV-1.Biochemical Society transactions · 2026Review
- Tissue origins and immune correlates of viral rebound in SIV-infected rhesus macaques after ART discontinuation.Science translational medicine · 2026Article
- The rebound-initiating viral reservoir (RIVR) in SIV/SHIV infection is dominated by plasma virus sequences present at the time of ART initiation.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- HIV superinfection reveals sequential reservoir reactivation and immune-driven rebound dynamics.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Early immune responses anticipate HIV rebound and precede viral control.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Tracking HIV-1 DNA fate from cell culture to humanized mice tissues.Molecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- Development and Evaluation of a Novel Relatively Low-Cost Method to Derive HIV-1 Integration Sites and Proviral Sequences.Viruses · 2026Article
- Initial sites of SIV rebound after antiretroviral treatment cessation in rhesus macaques.Nature microbiology · 2026Article
- Post-treatment SIV control is associated with specific features of viral persistence before and after treatment interruption.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Time to HIV rebound after antiretroviral therapy interruption: a double-blind randomised placebo-controlled trial of long-acting broadly neutralising antibodies; The RIO Trial.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- HIV persistence in tissues on dolutegravir-based therapy is not associated with resistance mutations to dolutegravir.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Integrated transcriptomic profiling of rectal and adipose HIV-1 reservoirs relative to matched PBMCs in ART-treated individuals.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Interleukin-2 is a potent latency reversal agent in people with treated HIV-1.Science advances · 2025Article
- Epigenetic mechanisms of HIV and opioid-induced neuropathology: Potential therapies and interventions.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Review
- Enhancing antiretroviral delivery to secondary lymph nodes by targeting CD169 + macrophages with HIV-mimicking nanoparticles.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Identification of inducible HIV reservoirs in tonsillar, intestinal and cervical tissue models of HIV latency.Nature communications · 2025Article
68 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Viral rebound upon stopping combined antiretroviral therapy poses a major barrier toward an HIV cure. Cellular and anatomical sources responsible for reinitiating viral replication remain a subject of ardent debate, despite extensive research efforts. To unravel the source of rebounding viruses, we conducted a large-scale HIV-STAR (HIV-1 sequencing before analytical treatment interruption to identify the anatomically relevant HIV reservoir) clinical trial. We collected samples from 11 participants and compared the genetic composition of (pro)viruses collected under treatment from different cellular and anatomical compartments with that of plasma viruses sampled during analytical treatment interruption. We found a remarkably heterogeneous source of viral rebound. In addition, irrespective of the compartment or cell subset, genetically identical viral expansions played a significant role in viral rebound. Our study suggests that although there does not seem to be a primary source for rebound HIV, cellular proliferation is an important driver of HIV persistence and should therefore be considered in future curative strategies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.