SynthesisBMC medical education2019
Training to reduce LGBTQ-related bias among medical, nursing, and dental students and providers: a systematic review.
Synthesis in BMC medical education, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 128 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
128 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 348 citations in OpenAlex.
- Educational strategies for integrating gender perspectives in health professions training: a systematic review to advance diversity, equity, and inclusion.BMC medical education · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Delivering transgender-specific knowledge and skills into health and allied health studies and training: a systematic review.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Addressing Sexual and Gender Diversity Through Inclusive Pedagogical Practices in Global Preregistration Nursing and Midwifery Education: Protocol for a Scoping Review.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Article
- American Geriatrics Society Position Statement: Advancing the Healthcare of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, Intersex, and More Older Adults.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2026Article
- Exploring Cultural Knowledge in Clinical Work with LGBTQIA+ Patients: A Qualitative Study of Italian Mental Health Professionals.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Cost-Effectiveness and Cost Savings of Gender-Affirming Mastectomy.Transgender health · 2026Article
- Difficulties and Feelings Experienced by Undergraduate Dental Students When Caring for Patients.Journal of dental education · 2026Article
- Disparities in cancer screening and preventive care access among LGBTQ+ populations: A cross-sectional study.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2026Article
- Barriers and facilitators to accessing addiction treatment services for sexual minority (LGBQ+) people: systematic review.The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · 2026Review
- Addressing barriers and advancing equitable colorectal cancer screening in the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning population.World journal of methodology · 2026Review
- Evaluating Curricular Impact on LGBTQ+ Health Competency: A Longitudinal Survey of Medical Students.Cureus · 2026Article
- Factors associated with gay-affirmative practice among polish paramedics: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Capacity needs of Pakistani psychiatrists to deliver community-sensitive mental health services to sexual minority men.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Sexual prejudice and associated factors among clinical nurses in Türkiye: A cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2026Article
- Program development and evaluation of a health equity education for undergraduate medical students in Japan: a pre-post study design.Medical education online · 2025Article
- Understanding (non)disclosure of sexual orientation and gender identity in Slovenian primary healthcare: Perspectives from LGBT+ individuals and general practitioners.The European journal of general practice · 2025Article
- An Adapted Behavioral Framework for Integrating LGBT+ in Dental Curriculum: Learner-Centered Training to Person-Centered Care.Journal of dental education · 2025Article
68 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and questioning (LGBTQ) individuals experience higher rates of health disparities. These disparities may be driven, in part, by biases of medical providers encountered in health care settings. Little is known about how medical, nursing, or dental students are trained to identify and reduce the effects of their own biases toward LGBTQ individuals. Therefore, a systematic review was conducted to determine the effectiveness of programs to reduce health care student or provider bias towards these LGBTQ patients.
methodsThe authors performed searches of online databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, Ingenta, Science Direct, and Google Scholar) for original articles, published in English, between March 2005 and February 2017, describing intervention studies focused on reducing health care student or provider bias towards LGBTQ individuals. Data extracted included sample characteristics (i.e., medical, nursing, or dental students or providers), study design (i.e., pre-post intervention tests, qualitative), program format, program target (i.e., knowledge, comfort level, attitudes, implicit bias), and relevant outcomes. Study quality was assessed using a five-point scale.
resultsThe search identified 639 abstracts addressing bias among medical, nursing, and dental students or providers; from these abstracts, 60 articles were identified as medical education programs to reduce bias; of these articles, 13 described programs to reduce bias towards LGBTQ patients. Bias-focused educational interventions were effective at increasing knowledge of LGBTQ health care issues. Experiential learning interventions were effective at increasing comfort levels working with LGBTQ patients. Intergroup contact was effective at promoting more tolerant attitudes toward LGBTQ patients. Despite promising support for bias education in increasing knowledge and comfort levels among medical, nursing, and dental students or providers towards LGBTQ persons, this systematic review did not identify any interventions that assessed changes in implicit bias among students or providers.
conclusionsStrategies for assessing and mitigating implicit bias towards LGBTQ patients are discussed and recommendations for medical, nursing, and dental school curricula are presented.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.