Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31470542›Full record

ArticlePharmacy (Basel, Switzerland)2019

Pharmacists' Utilization of Information Sources Related to Community and Population Needs in the Upper Midwest and Associations with Continuing Professional Education.

Paul Henkel, Marketa Marvanova

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Paul HenkelDepartment of Geographical and Historical Studies, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland.
Marketa MarvanovaDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy/College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Department 2650, PO Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA. marketa.marvanova@ndsu.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-4998-8921

Funding

the NABP/AACP District V FAR0026243
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTo investigate information sources utilized in pharmacists' assessment of population-based health needs and/or community changes; and the association between information sources utilized and reported completion of continuing professional education topics.

methodsIn 2017; licensed pharmacists (n = 1124) in North Dakota; South Dakota; Minnesota; Iowa; and Nebraska completed a questionnaire on continuing professional education and information sources on population-based health needs and community changes. Data were entered; cleaned and imported into Stata 11.1. Census Bureau county-level population density data were used to classify local area characteristics. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed.

resultsMost sources of primary; county-level data on population-based health needs or community changes were minimally utilized. Pharmacists in more rural areas were statistically more likely to use local health professionals; local non-health professionals; and/or the state health department compared to pharmacists in less rural areas. Pharmacists reporting higher use of population-based information sources were more likely to have completed continuing education in the past 12 months for all 21 surveyed topics; 13 significantly so.

conclusionsThere is a reliance of pharmacists on information from local health and non-health professionals for information on population-based health needs and/or community changes. Utilization of health departments and other primary information sources was associated with increased rates of completion of an array of continuing professional education topics. Expanding utilization of evidence-driven information sources would improve pharmacists' ability to better identify and respond to population-based health needs and/or community changes through programs and services offered; and tailor continuing professional education to population-based health needs.

Indexed as

continuing educationinformationpharmacistpharmacy workforcepopulation needsrural communities

Identifiers

PMID31470542
PMCPMC6789527

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.