ArticleCellular microbiology2020
The apical annuli of Toxoplasma gondii are composed of coiled-coil and signalling proteins embedded in the inner membrane complex sutures.
Article in Cellular microbiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- A dedicated partitioning machinery ensures faithful inheritance of the apicoplast in Toxoplasma gondii.Nature communications · 2026Article
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- A Spinster-like Transporter at the Inner Membrane Complex is critical for Toxoplasma gondii cytokinesis, motility and invasion.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- An apical ring protein essential for conoid complex assembly and daughter cell formation in Toxoplasma gondii.Nature communications · 2025Article
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- An inner membrane complex protein IMC1g inmBio · 2025Article
- Cascading expression of ApiAP2 transcription factors controls daughter cell assembly in Toxoplasma gondii.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- CRISPR screens identify genes essential formBio · 2024Article
- Proteomic approaches for protein kinase substrate identification in Apicomplexa.Molecular and biochemical parasitology · 2024Review
- SPARK regulates AGC kinases central to theeLife · 2024Article
- SPARK regulates AGC kinases central to thebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
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- Proteomics Applications inPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- An unconventional SNARE complex mediates exocytosis at the plasma membrane and vesicular fusion at the apical annuli in Toxoplasma gondii.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- A positive feedback loop mediates crosstalk between calcium, cyclic nucleotide and lipid signalling in calcium-induced Toxoplasma gondii egress.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- Temporal and thermal profiling of theeLife · 2022Article
- Proteomic characterization of the Toxoplasma gondii cytokinesis machinery portrays an expanded hierarchy of its assembly and function.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Mining the Proteome ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Review
- Paving the Way: Contributions of Big Data to Apicomplexan and Kinetoplastid Research.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 3 countries.
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Abstract
The apical annuli are among the most intriguing and understudied structures in the cytoskeleton of the apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. We mapped the proteome of the annuli in Toxoplasma by reciprocal proximity biotinylation (BioID), and validated five apical annuli proteins (AAP1-5), Centrin2, and an apical annuli methyltransferase. Moreover, inner membrane complex (IMC) suture proteins connecting the alveolar vesicles were also detected and support annuli residence within the sutures. Super-resolution microscopy identified a concentric organisation comprising four rings with diameters ranging from 200 to 400 nm. The high prevalence of domain signatures shared with centrosomal proteins in the AAPs together with Centrin2 suggests that the annuli are related and/or derived from the centrosomes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the AAPs are conserved narrowly in coccidian, apicomplexan parasites that multiply by an internal budding mechanism. This suggests a role in replication, for example, to provide pores in the mother IMC permitting exchange of building blocks and waste products. However, presence of multiple signalling domains and proteins are suggestive of additional functions. Knockout of AAP4, the most conserved compound forming the largest ring-like structure, modestly decreased parasite fitness in vitro but had no significant impact on acute virulence in vivo. In conclusion, the apical annuli are composed of coiled-coil and signalling proteins assembled in a pore-like structure crossing the IMC barrier maintained during internal budding.
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