SynthesisPloS one2019
The effects of action observation training on improving upper limb motor functions in people with stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06196229 (Effects of Action Observation Therapy Based on Virtual Reality for Upper Extremity Rehabilitation in Stroke), which is not on this map. Cited by 25 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Action Observation Therapy Based on Virtual Reality for Upper Extremity Rehabilitation in Stroke
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The Extent of Evidence Supporting the Effectiveness of Extended Reality Telerehabilitation on Different Qualitative and Quantitative Outcomes in Stroke Survivors: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Application of action observation therapy in stroke rehabilitation: A systematic review.Brain and behavior · 2023Pooled it
- Action observation for upper limb rehabilitation after stroke.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- The Effects of Action Observation Therapy as a Rehabilitation Tool in Parkinson's Disease Patients: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Action Observation Combined With Virtual Reality Promotes Motor Recovery After Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Stroke · 2026Trial
- Digital Mirror Therapy and Action Observation Therapy for Chronic Stroke: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.Occupational therapy international · 2025Trial
- Quo Vadis, Amadeo Hand Robot? A Randomized Study with a Hand Recovery Predictive Model in Subacute Stroke.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Is Social Media Use a Blessing or Cure for Motor Function and Skill Acquisition? An Opinion Paper.eNeuro · 2026Article
- Visual stimulation in automated gait rehabilitation for post-stroke patients.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Effect of action observation training on hand function, upper extremity strength and fatigue in individuals with multiple sclerosis.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2025Article
- Action Observation Training for Upper Limb Stroke Rehabilitation: A Pilot Study on the Role of Attention.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Stimulus specificity in combined action observation and motor imagery of typing.Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006) · 2025Article
- Comparison of Brain Activation Between Different Modes of Motor Acquisition: A Functional Near-Infrared Study.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- Does Action Observation of the Whole Task Influence Mirror Neuron System and Upper Limb Muscle Activity Better Than Part Task in People With Stroke?Stroke research and treatment · 2024Article
- Reversed Mirror Therapy (REMIT) after Stroke-A Proof-of-Concept Study.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Action Observation Treatment for Upper Limb Rehabilitation in Patients With Stroke: Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2023Article
- Enhancing upper-limb neurorehabilitation in chronic stroke survivors using combined action observation and motor imagery therapy.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Development and user experience of an innovative multi-mode stroke rehabilitation system for the arm and hand for patients with stroke.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Motor imagery and action-observation in neurorehabilitation: A study protocol in Parkinson's disease patients.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Action Observation Training to Improve Activities of Daily Living and Manipulation Skills in Children with Acquired Brain Injury Secondary to an Oncologic Process: A Prospective Case Series Clinical Study.Physical therapy research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveAction observation training (AOT) has been used as a new intervention for improving upper limb motor functions in people with stroke. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to investigate the effects of AOT on improving upper limb motor functions in people with stroke.
methodsWe searched ten electronic databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about the effects of AOT on upper limb motor functions in stroke survivors. Methodological quality of included studies was assessed by the Risk of Bias Tool in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed by pooling the standardized mean difference (SMD) of upper limb motor outcomes.
resultsSeven studies of 276 participants with stroke were included. Meta-analysis showed a significant effect favoring AOT on improving upper limb motor functions in patients with stroke [SMD = 0.35, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.10 to 0.61, I2 = 10.14%, p = 0.007].
conclusionsAOT appears to be an effective intervention for improving the upper limb motor functions in people after stroke. Further studies need to investigate the neural mechanism underlying the effects of AOT.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.