ArticleArthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)2020
Complement Activation in Patients With Probable Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Ability to Predict Progression to American College of Rheumatology-Classified Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
Article in Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- A multianalyte assay panel with cell-bound complement activation products demonstrates clinical utility in systemic lupus erythematosus.Lupus science & medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Persistent cutaneous lupus erythematosus: A pathway toward systemic disease?Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2026Review
- Clinical utility of a multianalyte lupus risk score incorporating cell-bound complement activation products: a systematic evaluation.Lupus science & medicine · 2026Article
- Unravelling IPAF, VEDOSS and connective tissue diseases classifications through the mixed connective tissue disease spectrum.RMD open · 2025Observational
- Exploring complement activation as a therapeutic target in lupus nephritis.Childhood kidney diseases · 2025Article
- Molecular Diplomacy of Lipids in the War of Immunity: Bridging Rare and Common Disease Mechanisms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Multi-centered clinical validation demonstrating superior precision in lupus diagnosis: T cell autoantibodies and TC4d outperform conventional lupus erythematosus biomarkers.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Environment and systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases: an overview and future directions.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Case Report:Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Complement therapeutics are coming of age in rheumatology.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2023Review
- C3dg and MAC complement depositions in the renal histopathology of patients with lupus nephropathy.Translational pediatrics · 2023Article
- Neutrophils' Extracellular Trap Mechanisms: From Physiology to Pathology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Complement activation products vs standard ANA testing: Treatment outcomes, diagnosis, and economic impact (CAPSTONE) in systemic lupus erythematosus.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2022Observational
- Erythrocyte complement receptor 1 (ECR1) and erythrocyte-bound C4d (EC4d) in the prediction of poor pregnancy outcomes in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Lupus science & medicine · 2022Article
- Case Report: Extensive digital gangrene as a primary manifestation of late-onset systemic lupus erythematosus.F1000Research · 2022Article
- The Role of Clinical Features and Serum Biomarkers in Identifying Patients with Incomplete Lupus Erythematosus at Higher Risk of Transitioning to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Current Perspectives.Journal of inflammation research · 2022Review
- A glimpse into the future of systemic lupus erythematosus.Therapeutic advances in musculoskeletal disease · 2022Review
- Understanding the Concept of Pre-Clinical Autoimmunity: Prediction and Prevention of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Identifying Risk Factors and Developing Strategies Against Disease Development.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Differentiating between UCTD and early-stage SLE: from definitions to clinical approach.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2022Review
- A Review of Complement Activation in SLE.Current rheumatology reports · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 11 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the frequency of cell-bound complement activation products (CB-CAPs) as a marker of complement activation in patients with suspected systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and the usefulness of this biomarker as a predictor of the evolution of probable SLE into SLE as classified by the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria.
methodsPatients in whom SLE was suspected by lupus experts and who fulfilled 3 ACR classification criteria for SLE (probable SLE) were enrolled, along with patients with established SLE as classified by both the ACR and the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) criteria, patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS), and patients with other rheumatic diseases. Individual CB-CAPs were measured by flow cytometry, and positivity rates were compared to those of commonly assessed biomarkers, including serum complement proteins (C3 and C4) and autoantibodies. The frequency of a positive multianalyte assay panel (MAP), which includes CB-CAPs, was also evaluated. Probable SLE cases were followed up prospectively.
resultsThe 92 patients with probable SLE were diagnosed more recently than the 53 patients with established SLE, and their use of antirheumatic medications was lower. At the enrollment visit, more patients with probable SLE were positive for CB-CAPs (28%) or MAP (40%) than had low complement levels (9%) (P = 0.0001 for each). In probable SLE, MAP scores of >0.8 at enrollment predicted fulfillment of a fourth ACR criterion within 18 months (hazard ratio 3.11, P < 0.01).
conclusionComplement activation occurs in some patients with probable SLE and can be detected with higher frequency by evaluating CB-CAPs and MAP than by assessing traditional serum complement protein levels. A MAP score above 0.8 predicts transition to classifiable SLE according to ACR criteria.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.