ArticleOncogene2020
Microparticles from tumors exposed to radiation promote immune evasion in part by PD-L1.
Article in Oncogene, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extracellular vesicles in breast cancer metastasis: functional insights and advances in single-EV analysis.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2026Review
- Review
- Extracellular Vesicles in Diffuse Midline Glioma: Emerging Mediators of Radiation Response and Therapeutic Resistance.Cancers · 2026Review
- Exosomal nanocarriers of immune fate: molecular insights into cancer immunity, pathogen defense, and emerging immunotherapies.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2026Review
- Navigating Cancer Treatment: A Journey from 2D to 3D Cancer Models and Nanoscale Therapies.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Review
- Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles: key drivers of immunomodulation in breast cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- PD-L1 on large extracellular vesicles is a predictive biomarker for therapy response in tissue PD-L1-low and -negative patients with non-small cell lung cancer.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2024Article
- Tumor immune escape: extracellular vesicles roles and therapeutics application.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- Composition, functions, and applications of exosomal membrane proteins.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Extracellular vesicles and cancer stem cells: a deadly duo in tumor progression.Oncology reviews · 2024Review
- Immunosuppressive effect of small extracellular vesicle PD-L1 is restricted by co-expression of CD80.British journal of cancer · 2023Article
- Engineered Microparticles for Treatment of Murine Brain Metastasis by Reprograming Tumor Microenvironment and Inhibiting MAPK Pathway.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- LAMP3 transfer via extracellular particles induces apoptosis in Sjögren's disease.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Radiation-induced PD-L1 expression in tumor and its microenvironment facilitates cancer-immune escape: a narrative review.Annals of translational medicine · 2022Review
- Extracellular vesicle-based checkpoint regulation and immune state in cancer.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2022Review
- Revealing the crosstalk between nasopharyngeal carcinoma and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2022Review
- Microparticles: biogenesis, characteristics and intervention therapy for cancers in preclinical and clinical research.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2022Review
- Extracellular vesicle PD-L1 in reshaping tumor immune microenvironment: biological function and potential therapy strategies.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2022Review
- Breast Cancer Tumor Microenvironment and Molecular Aberrations Hijack Tumoricidal Immunity.Cancers · 2022Review
- Effective Combinations of Immunotherapy and Radiotherapy for Cancer Treatment.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Radiotherapy induces immune-related responses in cancer patients by various mechanisms. Here, we investigate the immunomodulatory role of tumor-derived microparticles (TMPs)-extracellular vesicles shed from tumor cells-following radiotherapy. We demonstrate that breast carcinoma cells exposed to radiation shed TMPs containing elevated levels of immune-modulating proteins, one of which is programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). These TMPs inhibit cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity both in vitro and in vivo, and thus promote tumor growth. Evidently, adoptive transfer of CTLs pre-cultured with TMPs from irradiated breast carcinoma cells increases tumor growth rates in mice recipients in comparison with control mice receiving CTLs pre-cultured with TMPs from untreated tumor cells. In addition, blocking the PD-1-PD-L1 axis, either genetically or pharmacologically, partially alleviates TMP-mediated inhibition of CTL activity, suggesting that the immunomodulatory effects of TMPs in response to radiotherapy is mediated, in part, by PD-L1. Overall, our findings provide mechanistic insights into the tumor immune surveillance state in response to radiotherapy and suggest a therapeutic synergy between radiotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.