ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2019
Large-scale GWAS reveals insights into the genetic architecture of same-sex sexual behavior.
Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 112 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
112 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- How much is sexual minority stress confounded with familial causes? A systematic multilevel meta-analysis.Psychological medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Probing the genomic landscape of human sexuality: a critical systematic review of the literature.Frontiers in genetics · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Genome-Wide Linkage Study Meta-Analysis of Male Sexual Orientation.Archives of sexual behavior · 2021Pooled it
- Cultures and cures: neurodiversity and brain organoids.BMC medical ethics · 2021Guideline
- Fraternal Birth Order Effect and Other Sibship Effects in Bisexual and Asexual Men and Women.Archives of sexual behavior · 2026Article
- Does the Evidence Refute the Male Choice Hypothesis? A Response to Wilczkowski (2026).Archives of sexual behavior · 2026Article
- Early life stress modulates social behavior via oxytocin and arginine vasopressin in males.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Male Choice Hypothesis: Shortcomings, Inconsistencies, and Proposed Alternatives.Archives of sexual behavior · 2026Review
- Understanding the Evolutionary History of Human Male and Female Same-Sex Sexual Behavior Requires a Greater Appreciation of Its Shared Genetic Architecture.Archives of sexual behavior · 2026Article
- Sex Differences in Reported Effectiveness and Psychosocial Effects of Therapy-Assisted Sexual Orientation Change.Cureus · 2026Article
- Mining the Gaps: Rethinking Divergence Between Biological and Self-Report Measures in the Study of Sexual Diversity.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2026Review
- Twenty years of genome-wide association studies: Health translation challenges and AI opportunities.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2025Review
- Exploring educational field sorting using genetics.Nature genetics · 2025Article
- Mental health in sexual minorities: Change over time in a Finnish population-based sample.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Confounding fuels misinterpretation in human genetics.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2025Article
- A comparison of partner resemblance trends across putative same-sex and opposite-sex couples in the UK biobank.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Not Like Everybody Else but We're the Same: Psychosocial Variables Compared Across Diverse Sexual and Gender Identities.Journal of personality · 2025Article
- Biodevelopmental Correlates of Sexual Orientation in Men: Evidence from a Polish Sample.Archives of sexual behavior · 2025Article
- Social and Behavioral Genomics: On the Ethics of the Research and Its Downstream Applications.Annual review of genomics and human genetics · 2025Review
52 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
21 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Twin and family studies have shown that same-sex sexual behavior is partly genetically influenced, but previous searches for specific genes involved have been underpowered. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on 477,522 individuals, revealing five loci significantly associated with same-sex sexual behavior. In aggregate, all tested genetic variants accounted for 8 to 25% of variation in same-sex sexual behavior, only partially overlapped between males and females, and do not allow meaningful prediction of an individual's sexual behavior. Comparing these GWAS results with those for the proportion of same-sex to total number of sexual partners among nonheterosexuals suggests that there is no single continuum from opposite-sex to same-sex sexual behavior. Overall, our findings provide insights into the genetics underlying same-sex sexual behavior and underscore the complexity of sexuality.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.