Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31464740›Full record

SynthesisThe American journal of gastroenterology2019

Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Liver Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Michael Roerecke, Afshin Vafaei, Omer S M Hasan, Bethany R Chrystoja, Marcus Cruz, Roy Lee, Manuela G Neuman, Jürgen Rehm

Open access · greenAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in The American journal of gastroenterology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 163 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
163citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
20.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

163 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 368 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Guideline
  6. Alcohol Consumption and Cardiovascular Health.The American journal of medicine · 2022
    Pooled it
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  8. Pooled it
  9. Trial
  10. Review
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  19. Review
  20. Serum HMGB1 and Alcohol-Related Liver Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026
    Article

103 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Michael RoereckeInstitute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Afshin VafaeiInstitute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Omer S M HasanInstitute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Bethany R ChrystojaInstitute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Marcus CruzIn Vitro Drug Safety and Biotechnology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Roy LeeIn Vitro Drug Safety and Biotechnology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Manuela G NeumanIn Vitro Drug Safety and Biotechnology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Jürgen RehmInstitute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health · CAPublic Health Ontario · CAUniversity of Toronto · CA

Funding

Drinking patterns and chronic diseases: a series of meta-analysesR21AA023521 · NIAAA · CENTRE FOR ADDICTION AND MENTAL HEALTH · PI ROERECKE, MICHAEL · 2015 to 2016
$258k
NIAAA NIH HHS R21 AA023521
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo systematically summarize the risk relationship between different levels of alcohol consumption and incidence of liver cirrhosis.

methodsMEDLINE and Embase were searched up to March 6, 2019, to identify case-control and cohort studies with sex-specific results and more than 2 categories of drinking in relation to the incidence of liver cirrhosis. Study characteristics were extracted and random-effects meta-analyses and meta-regressions were conducted.

resultsA total of 7 cohort studies and 2 case-control studies met the inclusion criteria, providing data from 2,629,272 participants with 5,505 cases of liver cirrhosis. There was no increased risk for occasional drinkers. Consumption of one drink per day in comparison to long-term abstainers showed an increased risk for liver cirrhosis in women, but not in men. The risk for women was consistently higher compared to men. Drinking ≥5 drinks per day was associated with a substantially increased risk in both women (relative risk [RR] = 12.44, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.65-23.27 for 5-6 drinks, and RR = 24.58, 95% CI: 14.77-40.90 for ≥7 drinks) and men (RR = 3.80, 95% CI: 0.85-17.02, and RR = 6.93, 95% CI: 1.07-44.99, respectively). Heterogeneity across studies indicated an additional impact of other risk factors. DISCUSSION: Alcohol is a major risk factor for liver cirrhosis with risk increasing exponentially. Women may be at higher risk compared to men even with little alcohol consumption. More high-quality research is necessary to elucidate the role of other risk factors, such as genetic vulnerability, body weight, metabolic risk factors, and drinking patterns over the life course. High alcohol consumption should be avoided, and people drinking at high levels should receive interventions to reduce their intake.

Indexed as

Alcohol DrinkingHumansIncidenceLiver CirrhosisRisk FactorsSex Factors

Identifiers

PMID31464740
PMCPMC6776700
OpenAlexW2970671727

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.