ArticleAnnals of neurology2019
Associations between cerebrovascular risk factors and parkinson disease.
Article in Annals of neurology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 125 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sleep disturbances and risk of Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2026Pooled it
- Sleep disorders increase the risk of dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and cognitive decline: a meta-analysis.GeroScience · 2025Pooled it
- Diabetes mellitus, prediabetes and the risk of Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 15 cohort studies with 29.9 million participants and 86,345 cases.European journal of epidemiology · 2023Pooled it
- Relationship between Parkinson's disease and cardio-cerebrovascular diseases: a Mendelian randomized study.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Tai Chi exercise improves age-associated decline in cerebrovascular function: a cross-sectional study.BMC geriatrics · 2021Trial
- Clinical associations during the year before Parkinson's disease diagnosis in Taiwan: a nationwide claims-based case-control study.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Associations Between Cumulative Head Trauma and Self-Reported Parkinsonism and Parkinson's Disease in Former Soccer Players.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2026Article
- Vascular Disease, Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Risk of Parkinson's Disease.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Retrospective case-control study of pre-diagnosis observational and prescription data in Parkinson's disease.Scientific reports · 2026Observational
- von Willebrand Factor fibers formed at pathological high shear provide a scaffold for α-synuclein binding and aggregation.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Diffusion tensor imaging analysis along the perivascular space suggests impaired glymphatic clearance in Lewy body dementia subtypes.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2026Article
- Systematic Review on the Association Between Sleep and the Risk of Alzheimer's Disease: An Evolutionary Perspective.Evolutionary applications · 2026Review
- Type 2 Diabetes Risk among Incident Parkinson's Disease Patients: A 20-Year Retrospective Population-Based Cohort Study.Neuroepidemiology · 2026Article
- Risk of Parkinson's disease in patients with schizophrenia: Impact of antipsychotic medication use.PloS one · 2026Article
- Article
- Impaired Glymphatic Clearance, Measured Using Diffusion Tensor Image Analysis Along the Perivascular Space (DTI-ALPS), is Linked to Poor Cognitive Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2025Article
- Burden of Parkinson's disease in Iran: disparities, trends, and the impact of social development indicators.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Article
- The Anti-Parkinsonian A2A Receptor Antagonist Istradefylline (KW-6002) Attenuates Behavioral Abnormalities, Neuroinflammation, and Neurodegeneration in Cerebral Ischemia: An Adenosinergic Signaling Link Between Stroke and Parkinson's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The Neurodegenerative Disease Knowledge Portal: Propelling Discovery Through the Sharing of Neurodegenerative Disease Genomic Resources.Neurology. Genetics · 2025Review
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo determine whether cerebrovascular risk factors are associated with subsequent diagnoses of Parkinson disease, and whether these associations are similar in magnitude to those with subsequent diagnoses of Alzheimer disease.
methodsThis was a retrospective cohort study using claims data from a 5% random sample of Medicare beneficiaries from 2008 to 2015. The exposures were stroke, atrial fibrillation, coronary disease, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, sleep apnea, diabetes mellitus, heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, valvular heart disease, tobacco use, and alcohol abuse. The primary outcome was a new diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson disease. The secondary outcome was a new diagnosis of Alzheimer disease. Marginal structural Cox models adjusting for time-dependent confounding were used to characterize the association between exposures and outcomes. We also evaluated the association between cerebrovascular risk factors and subsequent renal colic (negative control).
resultsAmong 1,035,536 Medicare beneficiaries followed for a mean of 5.2 years, 15,531 (1.5%) participants were diagnosed with Parkinson disease and 81,974 (7.9%) were diagnosed with Alzheimer disease. Most evaluated cerebrovascular risk factors, including prior stroke (hazard ratio = 1.55; 95% confidence interval = 1.39-1.72), were associated with the subsequent diagnosis of Parkinson disease. The magnitudes of these associations were similar, but attenuated, to the associations between cerebrovascular risk factors and Alzheimer disease. Confirming the validity of our analytical model, most cerebrovascular risk factors were not associated with the subsequent diagnosis of renal colic.
interpretationCerebrovascular risk factors are associated with Parkinson disease, an effect comparable to their association with Alzheimer disease. ANN NEUROL 2019;86:572-581.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.