ArticleEuropean journal of clinical investigation2019
GDF-15 in solid vs non-solid treatment-naïve malignancies.
Article in European journal of clinical investigation, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- First-in-Human Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Anti-GDF15 Antibody AZD8853 in Patients with Advanced/Metastatic Solid Tumors.Cancer research communications · 2025Trial
- Association of macrophage inhibitory factor -1 polymorphisms with antiviral efficacy of type 1b chronic hepatitis C.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2021Trial
- Targeting the CAF-GDF15 axis attenuates AKT-mediated mitochondrial rewiring and chemoradiation resistance in esophageal adenocarcinoma.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2026Article
- Histone-based liquid biopsy discriminates between myelodysplastic syndrome and solid malignancies.Clinical epigenetics · 2025Article
- Article
- Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 in cancer: Beyond the cellular phenotype.Cancer letters · 2022Review
- Systemic Immune Dysregulation in Early Breast Cancer Is Associated With Decreased Plasma Levels of Both Soluble Co-Inhibitory and Co-Stimulatory Immune Checkpoint Molecules.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Elevated Expression of Growth Differentiation Factor-15 Is Associated With Acute Exacerbation of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Article
- Inflammation-Based Scores as a Common Tool for Prognostic Assessment in Heart Failure or Cancer.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Article
- Associations of content and gene polymorphism of macrophage inhibitory factor-1 and chronic hepatitis C virus infection.World journal of gastroenterology · 2020Article
- Growth/Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15): From Biomarker to Novel Targetable Immune Checkpoint.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- GDF-15 in solid vs non-solid treatment-naïve malignancies.European journal of clinical investigation · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aimGDF-15 is an established cardiovascular risk marker but is equally implicated in tumour biology. Elevated levels of GDF-15 have indeed been observed in distinct tumour entities. This study aimed to explore the relation of GDF-15 to other cardiac biomarkers and the general association of GDF-15 on prognosis in an unselected cohort of treatment-naïve cancer patients.
methodsWe prospectively enrolled 555 consecutive patients at time of diagnosis of malignant disease prior receiving anticancer therapy. Plasma GDF-15 concentrations were determined alongside other cardiac and routine laboratory markers. All-cause mortality was defined as primary endpoint.
resultsGDF-15 levels were 338 ng/L (IQR:205-534) for the total cohort, and values were comparable for different tumour entities except breast cancer. Metastatic disease was characterized by higher plasma GDF-15 [435 ng/L (IQR:279-614) vs 266 ng/L (IQR:175-427), P < .001]. GDF-15 correlated positively with inflammatory status reflected by CRP, SAA and IL-6 [r = .31, P < .001, r = .23, P < .001 and r = .14, P = .002] and cardiac biomarkers as NT-proBNP, hsTnT, MR-proADM and CT-proET-1 [r = .46; r = .46; r = .59 and r = .50; P < .001 for all]. GDF-15 was significantly associated with all-cause mortality after multivariate adjustment [adj.HR for ln(GDF-15) 1.78, 95%CI:1.47-2.16, P < .001]. There was a significant interaction between solid and haematological malignancies with loss of association of GDF-15 with outcome in myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative disease.
conclusionsElevated plasma GDF-15 is associated with progressing disease severity and poor prognosis in solid tumours of treatment-naïve cancer patients. GDF-15 increase is accompanied by worsening systemic inflammation and a subclinical functional impairment of different organs including the heart. GDF-15 represents a promising target for our pathophysiologic understanding in cardio-oncology linking conditions of both cardiac and neoplastic disease.
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