Trial reportJournal of translational medicine2019
Selective improvement by rifaximin of changes in the immunophenotype in patients who improve minimal hepatic encephalopathy.
Trial report in Journal of translational medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of systemic inflammation in hepatic encephalopathy: advances in inflammatory mechanisms, prevention and treatment research.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Peripheral IL-17 Triggers, and anti-IL-17 Treatment Prevents, Neuroinflammation and Alterations in Neurotransmission in Hippocampus and Cognitive Impairment in Hyperammonemic Rats.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Extracellular vesicles from plasma of patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy induce neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in rats, which are prevented by treating the patients with rifaximin.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Hyperammonemia reduces the populations of beneficial lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, disrupting the metabolic balance of the gut microbiome in rats.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Golexanolone Attenuates Neuroinflammation, Fatigue, and Cognitive and Motor Impairment in Diverse Neuroinflammatory Disorders.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Rifaximin-induced changes in the gut microbiome associated to improvement of neurotransmission alterations and learning in rats with chronic liver disease.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Extracellular Vesicles from Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Hyperammonemic Rats Induce Neuroinflammation in Hippocampus, Impairing Memory and Learning in Normal Rats.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025Article
- Ammonia and beyond - biomarkers of hepatic encephalopathy.Metabolic brain disease · 2025Review
- The analysis of the gut microbiome during liver disease progression led to the identification of biomarkers for related mild cognitive impairment.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Hyperammonemia increases the release of pathological extracellular vesicles from monocytes by impairing lysosomal function and autophagy through the TNFα-cAMP-PKA-LC3 pathway.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Role of peripheral inflammation in minimal hepatic encephalopathy.Metabolic brain disease · 2024Review
- A transient blood IL-17 increase triggers neuroinflammation in cerebellum and motor incoordination in hyperammonemic rats.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells alter gut microbiota and improve neuroinflammation and motor impairment in rats with mild liver damage.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2024Article
- Preface for the Vicente Felipo Honorary Issue of Neurochemical Research.Neurochemical research · 2024Article
- Increased levels and activation of the IL-17 receptor in microglia contribute to enhanced neuroinflammation in cerebellum of hyperammonemic rats.Biological research · 2024Article
- Improved cognition after rifaximin treatment is associated with changes in intra- and inter-brain network functional connectivity.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Neurofilament Light Chain Protein in Plasma and Extracellular Vesicles Is Associated with Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy and Responses to Rifaximin Treatment in Cirrhotic Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Active Clinical Trials in Hepatic Encephalopathy: Something Old, Something New and Something Borrowed.Neurochemical research · 2023Review
- Mild Cognitive Impairment Is Associated with Enhanced Activation of Th17 Lymphocytes in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Gut Microbiota and Neuroinflammation in Acute Liver Failure and Chronic Liver Disease.Metabolites · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMinimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) in cirrhotic patients is associated with specific changes in parameters of the immune system reflecting a more pro-inflammatory environment than in patients without MHE. The aims of this work were to assess the effects of rifaximin treatment of cirrhotic patients with MHE on: (1) MHE; (2) intermediate (CD14
methodsThese parameters were measured by immunophenotyping and cytokine profile analysis in 30 controls without liver disease, 30 cirrhotic patients without MHE and 22 patients with MHE. Patients with MHE were treated with rifaximin and the same parameters were measured at 3 and 6 months of treatment. We assessed if changes in these parameters are different in patients who improve MHE (responders) and those who remain in MHE (non-responders).
resultsRifaximin improved MHE in 59% of patients with MHE. In these responder patients rifaximin normalized all alterations in the immune system measured while in non-responders it normalizes only IL-6, CCL20, and differentiation of T lymphocytes to Th22. Non-responder patients do not show increased expression of CD69 before treatment.
conclusionsRifaximin normalizes changes in the immune system in patients who improve MHE but not in non-responders. Some alterations before treatment are different in responders and non-responders. Understanding these differences may identify predictors of the response of MHE to rifaximin.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.