ReviewFrontiers in endocrinology2019
Sustained Release T3 Therapy: Animal Models and Translational Applications.
Review in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evidence-Based Use of Levothyroxine/Liothyronine Combinations in Treating Hypothyroidism: A Consensus Document.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2021Guideline
- Extended Absorption of Liothyronine from Poly-Zinc-Liothyronine: Results from a Phase 1, Double-Blind, Randomized, and Controlled Study in Humans.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2022Trial
- Delivery of liothyronine by microneedle patch for the treatment of hypothyroidism.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Rethinking strategies for solving thyroid dysfunction at the heart of cardiovascular disease.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Review
- Treatment of hypothyroidism with the combination of levothyroxine and slow-release triiodothyronine: a randomized clinical trial.Journal of clinical & translational endocrinology · 2025Article
- Intein-mediated thyroid hormone biosensors: towards controlled delivery of hormone therapy.Frontiers in systems biology · 2024Article
- Levothyroxine: Conventional and Novel Drug Delivery Formulations.Endocrine reviews · 2023Review
- The relevance of TThe lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology · 2022Review
- Optimal Thyroid Hormone Replacement.Endocrine reviews · 2022Article
- Evidence-Based Use of Levothyroxine/Liothyronine Combinations in Treating Hypothyroidism: A Consensus Document.European thyroid journal · 2021Article
- Liothyronine and Desiccated Thyroid Extract in the Treatment of Hypothyroidism.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2020Review
- Patient Experiences and Perceptions Associated with the Use of Desiccated Thyroid Extract.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2020Article
- LT4 and Slow Release T3 Combination: Optimum Therapy for Hypothyroidism?International journal of endocrinology and metabolism · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The standard of care to treat hypothyroidism is daily administration of levo-thyroxine (LT4). This is based on the understanding that deiodinases can restore production of T3 and compensate for the small amounts of T3 that are normally produced by the thyroid gland. However, pre-clinical and clinical evidence indicating that deiodinases fall short of restoring T3 production is accumulating, opening the possibility that liothyronine (LT3) might have a role in the treatment of some hypothyroid patients. LT3 tablets taken orally result in a substantial peak of circulating T3 that is dissipated during the next several hours, which is markedly distinct from the relative stability of T3 levels in normal individuals. Thus, the effort to developing new delivery strategies for LT3, including slow release tablets, liquid formulations, use of T3-related/hybrid molecules such as T3 sulfate, poly-zinc-T3 and glucagon-T3, nanoparticles containing T3, subcutaneous implant of T3-containing matrices, and stem cells for de novo development of the thyroid gland. This article reviews these strategies, their applicability in animal models and translatability to humans.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.