Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31455644›Full record

ArticleThe British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners2019

Cancer diagnoses after emergency GP referral or A&E attendance in England: determinants and time trends in Routes to Diagnosis data, 2006-2015.

Annie Herbert, Gary A Abel, Sam Winters, Sean McPhail, Lucy Elliss-Brookes, Georgios Lyratzopoulos

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  7. Patients' perceptions on reasons for self-referring to the emergency department shortly before a cancer diagnosis: a qualitative study.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2025
    Article
  8. [Patients with cancer: a challenge for emergency departments].Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · 2025
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. [Cancer patients in the emergency department].Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · 2024
    Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
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  17. Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Annie HerbertMRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol; formerly at Epidemiology of Cancer Healthcare and Outcomes (ECHO) Group, University College London, London; National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service (NCRAS), Public Health England, London.
Gary A AbelUniversity of Exeter Medical School (Primary Care), Exeter; National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service (NCRAS), Public Health England, London.
Sam WintersNational Cancer Registration and Analysis Service (NCRAS), Public Health England, London.
Sean McPhailNational Cancer Registration and Analysis Service (NCRAS), Public Health England, London.
Lucy Elliss-BrookesNational Cancer Registration and Analysis Service (NCRAS), Public Health England, London.
Georgios LyratzopoulosEpidemiology of Cancer Healthcare and Outcomes (ECHO) Group, University College London, London; National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service (NCRAS), Public Health England, London.

Funding

Cancer Research UK 18180
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDiagnosis of cancer as an emergency is associated with poor outcomes but has a complex aetiology. Examining determinants and time trends in diagnostic routes can help to appreciate the critical role of general practice over time in diagnostic pathways for patients with cancer.

aimTo examine sociodemographic, cancer site, and temporal associations with type of presentation among patients with cancer diagnosed as emergencies. DESIGN AND

settingAnalysis of Routes to Diagnosis data, 2006-2015, for patients with cancer in England.

methodThe authors estimated adjusted proportions of emergency presentation after emergency GP referral (GP-EP) or presentation to accident and emergency (AE-EP), by patient sex, age, deprivation group, and year of diagnosis using multivariable regression.

resultsAmong 554 621 patients presenting as emergencies, 24% (

conclusionPatients presenting as emergencies with cancers characterised by symptoms/signs tolerable by patients but appropriately alarming to doctors (for example, pancreatic cancer manifesting as painless jaundice) are over-represented among cases whose emergency presentation involved GP referral. Reductions in diagnoses of cancer through an emergency presentation likely reflect both the continually increasing use of 2-week-wait GP referrals during the study period and reductions in emergency GP referrals.

Indexed as

EmergenciesEmergency Service, HospitalGeneral PracticeAdultAgedAged, 80 and overEnglandFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasmsReferral and Consultationearly diagnosisemergenciespatientspopulation groupsreferral and consultation

Identifiers

PMID31455644
PMCPMC6713517

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.