ReviewSAGE open medicine2019
A narrative review evaluating the safety and efficacy of e-cigarettes as a newly marketed smoking cessation tool.
Review in SAGE open medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The impact of electronic cigarettes on the outcomes of total joint arthroplasty.Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery · 2024Pooled it
- Assessing acute nicotine impact on choroidal thickness: a randomized, double-blinded study comparing smoking cessation aids, including nicotine gum and electronic cigarettes.International ophthalmology · 2024Trial
- Review
- Lipid from electronic cigarette-aerosol both with and without nicotine induced pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization and disrupted phagocytosis.Journal of inflammation (London, England) · 2023Article
- Evaluation of a pharmacy supported e-cigarette smoking cessation intervention in Northwest England.BMC public health · 2022Article
- E-cigarette use, opinion about harmfulness and addiction among university students in Bratislava, Slovakia.Central European journal of public health · 2022Article
- Predicting the pulmonary effects of long-term e-cigarette use: are the clouds clearing?European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2022Review
- Characterizing alternative and emerging tobacco product transition of use behavior on Twitter.BMC research notes · 2021Article
- Effectiveness and Safety Profile of Alternative Tobacco and Nicotine Products for Smoking Reduction and Cessation: A Systematic Review.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2021Review
- Electronic cigarettes - myocardial infarction, hemodynamic compromise during pregnancy, and systolic and diastolic dysfunction: Minireview.World journal of cardiology · 2020Review
- Article
- Is Canadian federal legislation effective in preventing youth access to vaping initiation products? A study using secret shoppers and online access in three Alberta cities.Preventive medicine reports · 2020Article
- Type of e-liquid vaped, poly-nicotine use and nicotine dependence symptoms in young adult e-cigarette users: a descriptive study.BMC public health · 2020Article
- Neurotoxicity of e-cigarettes.Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association · 2020Review
- Associations of Socioeconomic Status, Parental Smoking and Parental E-Cigarette Use with 10-11-Year-Old Children's Perceptions of Tobacco Cigarettes and E-Cigarettes: Cross Sectional Analysis of the CHETS Wales 3 Survey.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Impact of Nicotine Replacement and Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems on Fetal Brain Development.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionE-cigarettes are an alternative to traditional tobacco-based cigarettes. While having considerable societal awareness, conflicting evidence exists to support their claims that they are an effective smoking cessation tool and are safe. Currently >7000 flavours exist with evidence that they exhibit detrimental cellular and tissue effects. A literature review was conducted utilising PubMed and Google Scholar Databases identifying papers between 2014 and 2019. The aims of this study were to accurately gauge the safety and efficacy of e-cigarettes as a smoking cessation tool.
methodsSearch terms including 'electronic cigarettes' and 'vaping' were used to identify suitable references. A total of 314 articles were identified from which papers were excluded due to risk of bias, insufficient detail or were duplicate from which 58 papers were used in the final review.
resultsEvidence shows that e-cigarettes can have detrimental effects on several cell lines and animal models with their flavourings and nicotine content implicated; this has, however, not translated into major health outcomes after 3.5 years follow-up but has been linked to chronic lung disease and cardiovascular disease. While advertised as an effective smoking cessation tool, no consensus can be made regarding their effectiveness although the first robust randomised controlled trial reports some success. This, however, is offset by the fact that the most common e-cigarette use is as a dual user and that there is evidence of threefold increased risk of future tobacco smoking.
conclusionFuture research is needed to evaluate the long-term health outcomes and efficacy of e-cigarettes as a smoking cessation tool with greater discussion between patients and clinicians regarding this smoking cessation tool.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.