ArticleInternational journal of geriatric psychiatry2019
Trajectories of neuropsychiatric symptoms over time in healthy volunteers and risk of MCI and dementia.
Article in International journal of geriatric psychiatry, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Meta-analyses of personality change from the preclinical to the clinical stages of dementia.Ageing research reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of an art-based intervention in older adults with dementia: a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Combined Influence of Subjective Cognitive Complaints and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms on Cognitive Trajectories in Older Adults.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Coevolution of Cognitive and Health Trajectories Among US Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2026Article
- Dynamic trajectories of neuropsychiatric symptoms predict Alzheimer's disease risk and clinical phenotypes.General psychiatry · 2026Article
- Uncovering the Role of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Cognitive Impairment Progression.Proceedings. IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine · 2025Article
- Late-life emergence of neuropsychiatric symptoms and risk of cognitive impairment in cognitively unimpaired individuals.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Article
- Association between Motor Signs and Cognitive Performance in Cognitively Unimpaired Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study Using the NACC Database.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Alzheimer's Disease in Down Syndrome and Its Impact on Caregiver Distress.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2021Article
- Cluster Analysis of the Associations among Physical Frailty, Cognitive Impairment and Mental Disorders.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2020Article
- Racial/ethnic differences in neuropsychiatric disturbances associated with incident dementia.Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo identify subtypes of neuropsychiatric symptom (NPS) course among cognitively normal individuals and to assess the association between these subtypes and hazard of later mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia diagnosis.
methodsWe modeled neuropsychiatric inventory questionnaire (NPI-Q) scores from 4184 volunteers over approximately 4 years using growth mixture models, generating latent classes of trajectory. We then fit Cox proportional hazard models to determine if membership in trajectory classes was associated with increased hazard of diagnosis of MCI or dementia.
resultsWe identified four trajectory classes: the majority of the sample (65%) would be expected to belong to a class with consistently low or zero NPS. The next most prevalent class, (16%) showed a decrease over time in NPI-Q total score but, compared with the majority class had an almost threefold increase in hazard of MCI or dementia (HR: 2.92; 95% CI: 1.82-4.68). Another class (14%) showed an increase in NPS over time and was also associated with greater hazard of MCI or dementia (HR: 3.96; CI: 2.61-6.03). The smallest class (5%) had high and fluctuating NPI-Q total scores and had the greatest hazard (HR: 4.57; CI: 2.72-7.63).
conclusionWe have demonstrated that it is possible to identify meaningful groups of NPS trajectories and that trajectory of NPS can convey information beyond a single cross-sectional measure. While even those whose NPS improved were at increased hazard of MCI or dementia, hazard increased as a function of the severity of the NPS trajectory.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.