ArticleJournal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPT2019
Mental Singing Reduces Gait Variability More Than Music Listening for Healthy Older Adults and People With Parkinson Disease.
Article in Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPT, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness and applications of neurologic music therapy in motor and non-motor rehabilitation for older adults with Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Music Therapy and Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review from 2015-2020.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Actual and Imagined Music-Cued Gait Training in People with Multiple Sclerosis: A Double-Blind Randomized Parallel Multicenter Trial.Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · 2024Trial
- Impact of background music listening on anxiety in cancer patients undergoing initial radiation therapy: a randomized clinical trial.Radiation oncology (London, England) · 2024Trial
- Effects of Cueing Training on Gait Variability.International journal of exercise science · 2026Article
- Effects of anti-parkinsonian medication on gait during internal and external rhythmic auditory cueing in PD.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Article
- PARKinSOUND: Impact of participation in an orchestra in patients with Parkinson's disease.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2025Article
- Personalized Auditory Rhythmic Cues to Optimize Gait in Older Adults and People With Parkinson Disease.Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPT · 2025Article
- An Exploratory Analysis of Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation's Impact on Brain Function in Parkinson's Disease Patients With Freezing of Gait.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- Neural mechanisms underlying synchronization of movement to musical cues in Parkinson disease and aging.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Effect of musical cues on gait in individuals with Parkinson disease with comorbid dementia.Gait & posture · 2024Article
- Compensation Strategies for Gait Impairments in Parkinson's Disease: From Underlying Mechanisms to Daily Clinical Practice.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2023Article
- Longitudinal effects of choir singing on aging cognition and wellbeing: a two-year follow-up study.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2023Article
- Research Progress of Music Therapy on Gait Intervention in Patients with Parkinson's Disease.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Therapeutic Devices for Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease: Current Progress and a Systematic Review of Recent Randomized Controlled Trials.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Review
- A general procedure to measure the pacing of body movements timed to music and metronome in younger and older adults.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Rhythm and Music-Based Interventions in Motor Rehabilitation: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2021Review
- People with Parkinson disease with and without freezing of gait respond similarly to external and self-generated cues.Gait & posture · 2020Article
- Changes in Parkinsonian gait kinematics with self-generated and externally-generated cues: a comparison of responders and non-responders.Somatosensory & motor research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
background and purposePreviously, we showed that internal cues (such as singing) produce similar motor benefits as external cues (such as listening to music) for people with Parkinson disease (PD). This study takes that research further by exploring how singing-either aloud or mentally-at different tempos can ameliorate gait, and it offers insight into how internal cueing techniques may enhance motor performance for older adults and people with PD.
methodsSixty participants aged 50 years and older (30 female) were recruited; 30 had PD and 30 were healthy age-matched controls. Participants completed walking trials involving internal and external cueing techniques at 90%, 100%, and 110% of preferred cadence. The effects of different cue types and rates were assessed in a repeated-measures cross-sectional study by comparing gait characteristics (velocity, cadence, stride length) and variabilities (coefficients of variation of stride length, stride time, single support time).
resultsAll participants modified their cadence and stride length during cued conditions, resulting in changes in gait velocity closely reflecting expected changes based upon cue rate. External cues resulted in increased gait variability, whereas internal cues decreased gait variability relative to uncued walking. Variability decreases were more substantial during mental singing at tempos at or above preferred cadence. DISCUSSION AND
conclusionsMatching movement to one's own voice improves gait characteristics while reducing gait variability for older adults and people with PD. Optimizing the use of internal cues to facilitate movement is an important step toward more effectively meeting the needs of people with gait disorders related to aging or neurological disease.Video Abstract available for more insights from authors (see Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, available at: http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A286).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.