ArticleClinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)2019
The use of preservatives in dry eye drops.
Article in Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05832996 (Randomized Controlled Study of Cooled Versus Room-Temperature Artificial Tears for Reducing Surface Irritation Following Intravitreal Injection), which is not on this map. Cited by 52 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Randomized Controlled Study of Cooled Versus Room-Temperature Artificial Tears for Reducing Surface Irritation Following Intravitreal Injection
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lubricating drops for contact lens discomfort in adults.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Bridging the gap in managing dry eye disease: a consensus report by the Taiwan society of cataract and refractive surgeons.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Guideline
- Efficacy and safety of preservative-free versus preserved timolol eye drops in glaucoma: A randomized crossover study.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2026Trial
- The Effect of Sodium Hyaluronate Eye Drops 2, 4 or 6 Times a Day on Signs and Symptoms of Dry Eye Disease.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Trial
- Comparison of BAK-preserved latanoprost and polyquad-preserved travoprost on ocular surface parameters in patients with glaucoma and ocular hypertension.International ophthalmology · 2021Trial
- Non-uniform susceptibility profiles observed inMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Article
- Retrospective analysis of U.S. Food and Drug Administration recalls of artificial tear solutions from 2014 to 2025.Journal of cataract and refractive surgery · 2026Article
- Could a Preservative Have Prevented the Extremely-Drug ResistantCurrent eye research · 2026Article
- Traditional Chinese medicine-related interventions for allergic conjunctivitis and vernal keratoconjunctivitis: clinical evidence, mechanistic hypotheses, and ocular surface safety considerations.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Efficacy and Safety of 0.3% Preservative-Free Hyaluronic Acid-Based Eye Drops for the Management of Moderate to Severe Dry Eye Disease: A Prospective, Multicenter, Clinical Investigation.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Effect of Preserved Versus Preservative-Free Artificial Tears on the Corneal Epithelial Thickness Mapping by MS-39 in Dry Eye Patients.Journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Preservative-Free Bimatoprost 0.01% Gel in Patients with Open-Angle Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension: Results from Two Phase III Randomized Trials.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Management of Dry Eye Disease with Artificial Tears Containing Hyaluronic Acid and Trehalose: A Narrative Review.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Clinical Microbial Contamination of Multidose Brimonidine: A Prospective Comparison of Benzalkonium Chloride and Purite® Preservatives.Journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Cyclic extranasal neurostimulation for dry eye disease: a 4-week stimulation and 6-week intermission regimen based on neural adaptation dynamics.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2025Article
- Clinical Benefits of Preservative-Free Treatment for Glaucoma with a Focus on Preservative-Free Latanoprost.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2025Review
- Preservatives in artificial tears: Assessing impact on dry eye symptoms: Findings from 67 951 questionnaire responses-Project FOREVER.Acta ophthalmologica · 2025Article
- Pregnancy and Dry Eye Syndrome: A Review for Clinical Practice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- A Multicenter Randomized Double-Masked Study Comparing Preservative-free Brimonidine Tartrate Ophthalmic Solution 0.025% with LUMIFYOphthalmology and therapy · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Topical ocular preparations are widely recommended by health care professionals, or chosen by patients, to help manage dry eye disease (DED). The chronic and progressive nature of DED may result in the administration of topical products several times a day, over a period of many years. Given DED is a condition that by definition affects the ocular surface, it is important to understand how the repeated use of eye drops may impact the ocular surface, influence clinical signs, affect symptoms, and impact the overall disease process of dry eye. The component in topical preparations with the greatest potential to adversely affect the ocular surface is the preservative. This paper reviews the literature in relation to the use of preservatives in formulations for dry eye. The ocular effects of benzalkonium chloride (BAK) are summarised and compared to the performance of alternative preservatives and preservative-free formulations. Use of preserved and preservative-free drops in relation to the management of varying stages of DED is discussed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.