ArticlePublic health nutrition2019
Examining differences in school hour and school day dietary quality among Canadian children between 2004 and 2015.
Article in Public health nutrition, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Food-based interventions to mitigate household food insecurity in Canada: a systematic review.Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Canada : research, policy and practice · 2025Pooled it
- Dietary intake and diet quality of Canadian elementary schoolchildren accessing school food programmes: a cross-sectional study.The British journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Top food categories contributing to Canadian children's energy and nutrient intakes at school.PloS one · 2026Article
- Exploring the Usability and Acceptability of the FoodMATS-Youth App for Monitoring Food Marketing Exposures: Mixed Methods Study.JMIR formative research · 2025Article
- Development of the Canadian food intake screener for adolescents based on Canada's Food Guide 2019 healthy eating recommendations.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2025Article
- Better Lunch Boxes: Testing the Feasibility and Acceptability of a Family-Based Pilot Intervention to Support Nutritious Home-Packed Lunches.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Letter to the editor: willingnessPublic health nutrition · 2024Article
- Creating healthy eating and active environments in early learning settings: protocol of the CHEERS eHealth intervention study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- School nutrition policy and diet quality of children and youth: a quasi-experimental study from Canada.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2023Article
- The Food and Nutrition Security for Manitoba Youth (FANS) study: rationale, methods, dietary intakes and body mass index.BMC nutrition · 2022Article
- Fruit and Vegetable Intake Is Associated with Food Knowledge among Children Aged 9-14 Years in Southwestern Ontario, Canada.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Intake of Fruits, Vegetables, and Sugar-Sweetened Beverages among a Sample of Children in Rural Northern Ontario, Canada.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Observational
- The relationship between diet quality and the severity of household food insecurity in Canada.Public health nutrition · 2022Article
- Diet quality among Indigenous and non-Indigenous children and youth in Canada in 2004 and 2015: a repeated cross-sectional design.Public health nutrition · 2022Article
- Diet quality of Norwegian children at 3 and 7 years: changes, predictors and longitudinal association with weight.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2022Article
- Trends in Socioeconomic Inequities in Diet Quality between 2004 and 2015 among a Nationally Representative Sample of Children in Canada.The Journal of nutrition · 2021Article
- The food and nutrient intake of 5- to 12-year-old Australian children during school hours: a secondary analysis of the 2011-2012 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey.Public health nutrition · 2021Article
- Seeing the food swamp for the weeds: Moving beyond food retail mix in evaluating young people's food environments.SSM - population health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe present study aimed to: (i) evaluate changes in Canadian children's dietary quality during school hours and on school days between 2004 and 2015; and (ii) explore whether changes in dietary quality over time were moderated by sociodemographic characteristics.
designNationally representative 24 h dietary recall data were obtained from the 2004 (n 4827) and 2015 (n 2447) Canadian Community Health Surveys. Dietary quality was measured using the Canadian Healthy Eating Index (C-HEI) which evaluates respondents' compliance with 2007 national dietary recommendations, and the school-HEI which assesses respondents' dietary quality during school hours. Multivariable regression models compared differences in dietary quality between 2004 and 2015. Interaction effects were used to test whether changes over time were moderated by sociodemographic characteristics (sex, age group, ethnicity, residential location, province of residence, parental education, food security status).
settingCanada.
participantsChildren aged 6-17 years.
resultsMean school-HEI score rose from 51.3 to 58.0 points (maximum = 100) from 2004 to 2015 (P < 0.001). School-HEI sub-scores for total vegetables and fruit, whole fruit, dark green and orange vegetables, milk and alternatives, and meat and alternatives improved over time, but remained well below recommendations. Decreased energy from minimally nutritious foods accounted for 39 % of the improvement in mean school-HEI scores. Mean whole day C-HEI scores also improved (60.8 to 66.4 points, P < 0.001). There was no evidence of a moderating effect for any of the sociodemographic variables examined.
conclusionsMean dietary quality of Canadian children during school hours and on school days improved modestly for all age and sex groups but remained below 2007 national dietary recommendations.
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