ArticleParasites & vectors2019
Phlebovirus seroprevalence in Austrian Army personnel returning from missions abroad.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cancer incidence among the NATO peacekeeping forces in Bosnia and Kosovo: a systematic review and metanalysis.La Medicina del lavoro · 2022Pooled it
- Mirusha virus: A novel sand fly-borne phlebovirus with evidence of neutralizing antibodies in humans and dogs in Kosovo.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Sand fly-associated phlebovirus with evidence of neutralizing antibodies in humans and dogs in Kosovo.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Knockdown effects of pyrethroid- and neonicotinoid-treated netting against the sand fly Phlebotomus papatasi (Diptera: Psychodidae).Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Neutralization-based seroprevalence of Toscana virus and sandfly fever Sicilian virus in dogs in the Republic of Kosovo.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- First Detection of West Nile Virus (WNV) Lineage 2 in Mosquitoes in the Republic of Kosovo.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2025Article
- Review
- NSs of the mildly virulent sandfly fever Sicilian virus is unable to inhibit interferon signaling and upregulation of interferon-stimulated genes.The Journal of general virology · 2021Article
- Article
- Phlebotomine sand flies in Southwest Germany: an update with records in new locations.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPhleboviruses are mainly transmitted by sand flies and infections can result in various symptoms, including meningitis and meningoencephalitis. In endemic regions, seroprevalences in humans and animals are high. Military personnel on missions in endemic areas are at increased risk of infection, however, for soldiers from central European countries, data are scarce. The aims of this study were to determine the exposure to phleboviruses of Austrian soldiers returning from missions abroad and to assess potential risk factors. A retrospective serological study was performed with sera of 753 healthy Austrian soldiers returning from missions in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH, n = 61), Kosovo (n = 261), Syria (n = 101) and Lebanon (n = 63) and of soldiers prior to their missions (n = 267).
resultsAltogether, 119 sera (15.8%, 119/753) were positive for anti-Phlebovirus IgG antibodies, with highest seroprevalences found in soldiers returning from Kosovo (20.69%, 54/261), followed by Syria (17.82%, 18/101), Lebanon (14.29%, 9/63) and BIH (11.48%, 7/61). Of the soldiers tested prior to their missions 11.61% (31/267) were positive. Of the 119 seropositive individuals, 30 (25.2%, 30/119) also had anti-Phlebovirus IgM antibodies. Phlebovirus seropositivity significantly correlated with symptoms of febrile illness during the respective mission (OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.1-3.4, P = 0.03) and with Leishmania seropositivity (OR: 2.7, 95% CI: 1.2-5.8, P = 0.009). Also, the outdoor activity "running" during the mission showed a strong trend towards an association with Phlebovirus seropositivity (OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 0.9-4.4, P = 0.08), and seropositivity generally increased with the duration of a mission (OR: 2.5, 95% CI: 0.9-7.5, P = 0.07).
conclusionsThis study indicates that soldiers are exposed to sand flies and at significant risk for Phlebovirus infection during missions in the Mediterranean area and the Middle East. Adequate prevention measures should be applied particularly during vespertine outdoor activities.
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