ArticleJournal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie2019
Three-dimensional skeletal and pharyngeal airway changes following therapy with functional appliances in growing skeletal Class II malocclusion patients : A controlled clinical trial.
Article in Journal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Skeletal and Dental Effects of Forsus Fatigue Resistance Device Versus Twin Block Appliance for Class II Malocclusion Treatment in Growing Patients: A Systematic Review.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2024Pooled it
- Volumetric changes in the upper airway on CBCT after dentofacial orthopedic interventions - a systematic review.Clinical oral investigations · 2023Pooled it
- Cephalometric evaluation of pharyngeal airway and tongue space following treatment with Herbst and AdvanSync appliances : A prospective randomized clinical trial.Journal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie · 2024Trial
- Efficacy of invisible advancement correction for mandibular retraction in adolescents based on Pancherz analysis.World journal of clinical cases · 2023Trial
- Functional appliances and airway in class II malocclusion : An umbrella review and re-analysis of three meta-analyses.Journal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie · 2026Review
- Effects of Herbst and Pendex appliances treatment on the upper airway: A cone-beam computed tomography analysis.American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics · 2026Article
- Review
- Three-dimensional assessment of pharyngeal airway hyoid bone and craniocervical changes after stabilization splint treatment in temporomandibular disorder patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Assessment of upper airway and temporomandibular joint changes in growing patients with Class II Division 1 malocclusion, treated with the Twin Block appliance: a retrospective cone-beam computed tomography study.Archives of craniofacial surgery · 2025Article
- Three-dimensional pharyngeal airway and hyoid bone changes in skeletal class I malocclusion treated with extraction and non-extraction protocols: a comparative study of fixed orthodontic appliance and clear aligners.Clinical oral investigations · 2025Article
- Article
- Three-dimensional computed tomography analysis of airway volume in growing class II patients treated with Frankel II appliance.Head & face medicine · 2024Article
- A three-dimensional method to calculate mechanical advantage in mandibular function : Intra- and interexaminer reliability study.Journal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie · 2023Article
- Implications of occlusal plane in diagnosis and treatment of malocclusion.Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences · 2023Review
- Correlation between the three-dimensional maxillomandibular complex parameters and pharyngeal airway dimensions in different sagittal and vertical malocclusions.Dento maxillo facial radiology · 2023Article
- Article
- Orthopedic Treatment for Class II Malocclusion with Functional Appliances and Its Effect on Upper Airways: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- Effect of fixed functional appliances on pharyngeal airway dimensions in Skeletal Class II individuals - A scoping review.Journal of oral biology and craniofacial researchArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionTo three-dimensionally analyze the skeletal and pharyngeal airway changes induced by Twin Block (TWB) and Forsus Fatigue Resistance Device (FFRD) in skeletal Class II female patients compared with untreated controls. MATERIALS AND
methodsThe study comprised 62 growing female patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion due to mandibular retrusion treated with either TWB (n = 23) or FFRD (n = 21), or neither (n = 18; controls). Pre- and posttreatment/observational cone beam computed tomography images were used to evaluate the treatment changes.
resultsTWB induced more obvious mandibular skeletal changes and caused significant retrusive effects on the maxilla. Similarly, the sagittal and vertical jaw relationships were affected more obviously with TWB (P <0.001) compared to FFRD. Changes in oropharyngeal volume and minimal axial area were more obvious with TWB. DISCUSSION: The TWB functional appliance induced significant skeletal and pharyngeal airway changes. These changes were more obvious relative to the slight changes induced by FFRD or by natural growth.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.