ReviewViruses2019
Immunoregulatory Functions of the IL-12 Family of Cytokines in Antiviral Systems.
Review in Viruses, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- Powassan Virus NS5 Antagonizes TYK2-Mediated Immune Signaling Pathways.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Computational Design and Biopharmaceutical Evaluation of a Chimeric Nanoparticle Vaccine for Targeted Delivery against BK Polyomavirus.Pharmaceutical research · 2026Article
- Divergent roles of IL-35 and IL-39 in rheumatoid arthritis: restoring cytokine balance within the IL-12 family.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Interleukin in Immune-Mediated Diseases: An Updated Review.Molecular biotechnology · 2025Review
- Interleukin Networks in GVHD: Mechanistic Crosstalk, Therapeutic Targeting, and Emerging Paradigms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Alopecia Areata: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Therapies.MedComm · 2025Review
- Novel derivatives of brincidofovir and (S)-9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine inhibit orthopoxviruses and human adenoviruses more potently than brincidofovir.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Article
- Strategies and limitations of the bat immune response toFrontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Interleukin-27-polarized HIV-resistant M2 macrophages are a novel subtype of macrophages that express distinct antiviral gene profiles in individual cells: implication for the antiviral effect via different mechanisms in the individual cell-dependent manner.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Novel Dairy Fermentates Have Differential Effects on Key Immune Responses Associated with Viral Immunity and Inflammation in Dendritic Cells.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Role of IL-27 in COVID-19: A Thin Line between Protection and Disease Promotion.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Article
- Genomic Regions Associated with Resistance to Gastrointestinal Nematode Parasites in Sheep-A Review.Genes · 2024Review
- Upregulation of TCPTP in Macrophages Is Involved in IL-35 Mediated Attenuation of Experimental Colitis.Mediators of inflammation · 2024Article
- Serum profiles of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in non-hospitalized patients with mild/moderate COVID-19 infection.Immunology letters · 2023Article
- Potential of Interleukin (IL)-12 Group as Antivirals: Severe Viral Disease Prevention and Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Article
- Construction of VSVΔ51M oncolytic virus expressing human interleukin-12.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023Article
- Clinical Characteristics and Serum Cytokines Profiling in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in Lebanon.Journal of immunology research · 2023Article
- Significant elevated CXCL14 and decreased IL-39 levels in patients with tuberculosis.Open life sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Members of the interleukin 12 (IL-12) family have been known to be inflammatory factors since their discovery. The IL-12 family consists of IL-12, IL-23, IL-27, IL-35, and a new member, IL-39, which has recently been identified and has not yet been studied extensively. Current literature has described the mechanisms of immunity of these cytokines and potential uses for therapy and medical cures. IL-12 was found first and is effective in combatting a wide range of naturally occurring viral infections through the upregulation of various cytokines to clear the infected cells. IL-23 has an essential function in immune networks, can induce IL-17 production, and can antagonize inhibition from IL-12 in the presence of T helper (Th) 17 cells, resulting in type II IFN (IFN-γ) regulation. IL-27 has a competitive relationship to IL-35 because they both include the same subunit, the Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene3 (EBi3). This review provides a simple introduction to the IL-12 family and focuses on their functions relevant to their actions to counteract viral infections.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.