Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31442006›Full record

ArticleInternational forum of allergy & rhinology2019

Olfactory cleft mucus proteins associated with olfactory dysfunction in a cohort without chronic rhinosinusitis.

Frederick Yoo, Zachary M Soler, Jennifer K Mulligan, Kristina A Storck, Jensine M Lamira, Whitney N Pasquini, Jonathan B Hill, Tegan E Noonan, Brandon J Washington, Rodney J Schlosser

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International forum of allergy & rhinology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. What can we learn about chronic rhinosinusitis through mucus?Current opinion in otolaryngology & head and neck surgery · 2026
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Observational
  6. Review
  7. Observational
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. International consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: Olfaction.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2022
    Review
  13. Effects of Intranasal and OralFrontiers in veterinary science · 2022
    Article
  14. Olfactory cleft mucus inflammatory proteins in CRS: a case-control study.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2021
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Endotyping chronic rhinosinusitis based on olfactory cleft mucus biomarkers.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2021
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Frederick YooDivision of Rhinology and Sinus Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.ORCID 0000-0002-8928-8869
Zachary M SolerDivision of Rhinology and Sinus Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.
Jennifer K MulliganDivision of Rhinology and Sinus Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.
Kristina A StorckDivision of Rhinology and Sinus Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.
Jensine M LamiraDivision of Rhinology and Sinus Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.
Whitney N PasquiniDivision of Rhinology and Sinus Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.
Jonathan B HillDivision of Rhinology and Sinus Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.
Tegan E NoonanUniversity of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC.
Brandon J WashingtonMcLeod Regional Medical Center, Florence, SC.
Rodney J SchlosserDivision of Rhinology and Sinus Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.
Medical University of South Carolina · USOrlando Regional Medical Center · USUniversity of South Carolina · US

Funding

South Carolina Clinical & Translational Research Institute (SCTR)UL1TR001450 · NCATS · MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA · PI BRADY, KATHLEEN T., FLUME, PATRICK A · 2015 to 2024
$41.1M
South Carolina Clinical & Translational Research Institute (SCTR)KL2TR001452 · NCATS · MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA · PI MCRAE-CLARK, AIMEE L · 2015 to 2024
$5.9M
NCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR001452NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001450
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOlfactory dysfunction (OD) is a common problem, affecting up to 20% of the general population. Previous studies identified olfactory cleft mucus proteins associated with OD in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) but not in a healthy population. In this study we aimed to identify olfactory cleft mucus proteins associated with olfaction in individuals without sinus disease.

methodsSubjects free of sinus disease completed medical history questionnaires that collected data regarding demographics, comorbidities, and past exposures. Olfactory testing was performed using Sniffin' Sticks, evaluating threshold, discrimination, and identification. Olfactory cleft mucus (OC) and, in select cases, inferior turbinate mucus (IT) were collected with Leukosorb paper and assays performed for 17 proteins, including growth factors, cytokines/chemokines, cell-cycle regulators, and odorant-binding protein (OBP).

resultsFifty-six subjects were enrolled in the study, with an average age of 47.8 (standard deviation [SD], 17.6) years, including 33 females (58.9%). The average threshold/discrimination/identification (TDI) score was 30.3 (SD, 6.4). In localization studies, OBP concentrations were significantly higher in OC than IT mucus (p = 0.006). Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A/p16INK4a), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2/MCP-1), granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20/MIP-3a) all inversely correlated with overall TDI (all rho ≥ -0.479, p ≤ 0.004). Stem cell factor (SCF) correlated positively with overall TDI (rho = 0.510, p = 0.002).

conclusionPlacement of Leukosorb paper is relatively site-specific for olfactory proteins and it is feasible to collect a variety of olfactory cleft proteins that correlate with olfactory function. Further study is required to determine mechanisms of OD in non-CRS subjects.

Indexed as

AdultAgedChronic DiseaseCohort StudiesCyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16Diagnosis, DifferentialFemaleFibroblast Growth Factor 2HumansMaleMiddle AgedMucusNasal CavityOlfaction DisordersOlfactory MucosaReceptors, OdorantCDKN2A protein, humanCyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16Fibroblast Growth Factor 2odorant-binding proteinReceptors, Odorantanosmiacytokinesgrowth factorhyposmianasal mucosaolfactionolfactory disordersolfactory test

Identifiers

PMID31442006
PMCPMC7291372
OpenAlexW2969213128

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.