ArticleEmerging infectious diseases2019
Effect of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines on Pneumococcal Meningitis, England and Wales, July 1, 2000-June 30, 2016.
Article in Emerging infectious diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pneumococcal serotypes and their association with death risk in invasive pneumococcal disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Global Case Fatality of Bacterial Meningitis During an 80-Year Period: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JAMA network open · 2024Pooled it
- Trends in invasive and non-invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae disease in adults hospitalised in Bristol and Bath: a retrospective cohort study, 2006-2022.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Article
- Global distribution and characteristics of pneumococcal serotypes in adults.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- Article
- Cost-Effectiveness of the Pneumococcal Vaccine in the Adult Population: A Systematic Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Review
- Incidence of pneumococcal disease in children in Germany, 2014-2019: a retrospective cohort study.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- How common is otogenic meningitis? A retrospective study in southern Sweden over 18 years.Infection · 2024Article
- Article
- Trends in laboratory-confirmed bacterial meningitis (2012-2019): national observational study, England.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2023Article
- Systematic Literature Review of the Epidemiological Characteristics of Pneumococcal Disease Caused by the Additional Serotypes Covered by the 20-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Pneumococcal Serotype Evolution and Burden in European Adults in the Last Decade: A Systematic Review.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Incidence of pneumococcal disease from 2003 to 2019 in children ≤17 years in England.Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.) · 2023Article
- Healthcare resource utilisation and cost of pneumococcal disease from 2003 to 2019 in children ≤17 years in England.PloS one · 2023Article
- Validation of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy for Serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2022Article
- Clinical and Bacteriological Analysis of Pediatric Pneumococcal Meningitis after 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Introduction in Japan.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Pneumococcal meningitis in adults in 2014-2018 after introduction of pediatric 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in Japan.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Epidemiology of non-vaccine serotypes ofHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We describe the effects of the 7-valent (PCV7) and 13-valent (PCV13) pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on pneumococcal meningitis in England and Wales during July 1, 2000-June 30, 2016. Overall, 84,473 laboratory-confirmed invasive pneumococcal disease cases, including 4,160 (4.9%) cases with meningitis, occurred. PCV7 implementation in 2006 did not lower overall pneumococcal meningitis incidence because of replacement with non-PCV7-type meningitis incidence. Replacement with PCV13 in 2010, however, led to a 48% reduction in pneumococcal meningitis incidence by 2015-16. The overall case-fatality rate was 17.5%: 10.7% among patients <5 years of age, 17.3% among patients 5-64 years of age, and 31.9% among patients >65 years of age. Serotype 8 was associated with increased odds of death (adjusted odds ratio 2.9, 95% CI 1.8-4.7). In England and Wales, an effect on pneumococcal meningitis was observed only after PCV13 implementation. Further studies are needed to assess pneumococcal meningitis caused by the replacing serotypes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.