ReviewFrontiers in immunology2019
Vaccination in Multiple Sclerosis: Friend or Foe?
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Watch out for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder onset or clinical relapse after COVID-19 vaccination: What neurologists need to know?Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2022Pooled it
- Seropositivity against rubella virus envelope protein 1, but not 2, is associated with an increased risk of multiple sclerosis.Clinical & translational immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- Vaccination coverage and its determinants in patients with multiple sclerosis-a multicenter cross-sectional study.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2025Article
- Cellular and humoral vaccination response under immunotherapies-German consensus on vaccination strategies in neurological autoimmune diseases.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2025Article
- Rubella virus seropositivity after infection or vaccination as a risk factor for multiple sclerosis.European journal of neurology · 2024Article
- COVID-19 and multiple sclerosis: challenges and lessons for patient care.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2024Review
- Vaccination status and self-reported side effects after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in relation to psychological and clinical variables in patients with multiple sclerosis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- BCG vaccination and multiple sclerosis risk: A Norwegian cohort study.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2024Article
- Immune-Mediated Myelopathies.Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.) · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and multiple sclerosis: a large multicentric study on relapse risk after the third booster dose.Journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Do immunosuppressive treatments influence immune responses against adenovirus-based COVID-19 vaccines in patients with multiple sclerosis? An Argentine multicenter study.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Article
- Vaccination frequency in people newly diagnosed with multiple sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2023Article
- Associations of myeloid cells with cellular and humoral responses following vaccinations in patients with neuroimmunological diseases.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Side effects following vaccination in multiple sclerosis: a prospective, multi-centre cohort study.Scientific reports · 2023Observational
- Frequency and Predictors of Relapses following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: Interim Results from a Longitudinal Observational Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- In-depth characterization of long-term humoral and cellular immune responses to COVID-19m-RNA vaccination in multiple sclerosis patients treated with teriflunomide or alemtuzumab.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2023Article
- Vaccination willingness in association with personality traits in patients with multiple sclerosis in the course of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Vaccine hesitancy in people with multiple sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating disease of the central nervous systems (CNS). Disease-modifying treatments (including immunosuppressive treatments) have shown positive effects on the disease course, but are associated with systemic consequences on the immune system and may increase the risk of infections and alter vaccine efficiency. Therefore, vaccination of MS patients is of major interest. Over the last years, vaccine hesitancy has steadily grown especially in Western countries, partly due to fear of sequelae arising from vaccination, especially neurological disorders. The interaction of vaccination and MS has been discussed for decades. In this review, we highlight the immunology of vaccination, provide a review of literature and discuss the clinical consideration of MS, vaccination and immunosuppression. In conclusion, there is consensus that MS cannot be caused by vaccines, neither by inactivated nor by live vaccines. However, particular attention should be paid to two aspects: First, in immunocompromised patients, live vaccines may lead to a stronger immune reaction with signs of the disease against which the patients have been vaccinated, albeit in weakened form. Second, protection provided by vaccination should be controlled in patients who have been vaccinated while receiving immunomodulatory or immunosuppressive treatment. In conclusion, there is evidence that systemic infections can worsen MS, thus vaccination will lower the risk of relapses by reducing the risk of infections. Therefore, vaccination should be in general recommended to MS patients.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.