ArticleFrontiers in immunology2019
Blister Fluid Induces MMP-9-Associated M2-Type Macrophages in Bullous Pemphigoid.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tissue Levels of MMP-9 and Granzyme B in Patients With Bullous Pemphigoid: A Case-Control Study.International journal of dermatology · 2026Article
- Bullous Pemphigoid: A Focused Review on Antigen Epitopes.Experimental dermatology · 2026Review
- Osteoimmunology uncovered: How macrophages and biomaterials revolutionize bone healing.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- The role of matrix metalloproteinase 9 in immune-mediated skin diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Matrix Metalloproteinases in Inflammatory Dermatoses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Methylation and transcriptomic profiling reveals short term and long term regulatory responses in polarized macrophages.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2024Article
- Study of cytokine-induced immunity in bullous pemphigoid: recent developments.Annals of medicine · 2023Review
- The cytokine milieu of bullous pemphigoid: Current and novel therapeutic targets.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Review
- Lisinopril prevents bullous pemphigoid induced by dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitorsFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- A Scoping Review of the Role of Metalloproteinases in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Pemphigus and Pemphigoid.Biomolecules · 2021Article
- Emerging Biomarkers and Therapeutic Strategies for Refractory Bullous Pemphigoid.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Significance of Immunosuppressive Cells as a Target for Immunotherapies in Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers.Biomolecules · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a cutaneous autoimmune disease, characterized by an inflammatory cascade leading to blister formation. Although macrophages were shown to participate in BP pathophysiology, their role in the blister formation process still needs to be investigated. We here addressed the influence of serum and blister fluid (BF) from patients with BP on the polarization status of macrophages with regards to the metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression. We demonstrated that several markers related to the alternatively activated macrophage phenotype (M2) including IL-10, TARC, arginase, TNFα, and IL-1RA were meaningfully increased in BF of patients with BP. We further showed that BF, but not serum from patients with BP, significantly induced the expression of CD163, CD206, and IL-10 in BP monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs). Notably IL-10 was the only cytokine to be correlated to the reference clinical score, BP disease activity index (BPDAI), especially to the inflammatory BPDAI subscore evaluating urticarial and erythematous skin lesions (
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